Bac Growth and Genetics Flashcards Preview

POM Exam 1 > Bac Growth and Genetics > Flashcards

Flashcards in Bac Growth and Genetics Deck (23)
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1
Q

Phases of bacterial growth, in order?

A

Lag phase, log phase, stationary phase

2
Q

What happens during lag phase?

A

no growth

3
Q

What happens during log phase?

A

exponential growth

4
Q

What happens during stationary phase?

A

growth rate = death rate

5
Q

Mycobacterium growth category?

A

Obligate aerobe

TB in lungs

6
Q

Bacillus growth category?

A

Obligate aerobe

7
Q

Nocardia growth category?

A

Obligate aerobe

8
Q

GI microbiome bacteria fall under what growth category?

A

Obligate anaerobes

9
Q

Facultative anaerobes

A

Really like oxygen but can grow with it; most versatile

10
Q

Facultative anaerobes are often gram ___

A

negative

11
Q

Aerotolerant anaerobes

A

really like to be without oxygen but won’t die with oxygen

12
Q

Microaerophiles

A

like some oxygen but not a lot

13
Q

Most common carbon source is…

A

glucose

14
Q

Why do bacteria have more mutations?

A

No 3’-5’ exonuclease activity in their DNA polymerases

15
Q

What happens if there is a change in a surface protein gene?

A

Wrong amino acid sequence can lead to antigen variation

16
Q

What happens if there is a change in a gene involving an antibiotic target?

A

Resistance! Drug won’t recognize

17
Q

How are plasmids replicated?

A

Autonomously

18
Q

Plasmids often contain virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes. True or False?

A

True

19
Q

Vertical gene transmission

A

parent –> progeny

20
Q

Horizontal gene transmission

A

foreign donor bacteria –> recipient bacteria

21
Q

How does phage transduction work?

A

Small fraction of phages have bacterial DNA by mistake, lysis happens, new cell gets infected with previous host bacterial DNA

22
Q

What is transformation?

A

naked DNA released by lysis lands on another cell

23
Q

What is conjugation?

A

Special pilus transmits DNA between cells, provides protection during transfer