Back Arthrology

Question 1

3 Categories of joints

Answer 1

Synovial (Diarthrosis)
Fibrous (Synarthrosis)
Cartilaginous (Amphiarthrosis)

Question 2

Synovial Joint with unaxial/gliding/sliding movement

Answer 2

Planar

Question 3

Synovial uniaxial hinge joint

Answer 3

Ginglymus

Question 4

Synovial pivoting joint with uniaxial rotation

Answer 4

Trochoid

Question 5

Synovial biaxial joint with one or two surfaces articulating with one or two convex surfaces

Answer 5

Condyloid

Question 6

Synovial biaxial saddle joint, both surfaces are convex and concave, false circumduction without rotation

Answer 6

Sellar

Question 7

Synovial multiaxial ball and socket joint, allows circumduction in multiple planes

Answer 7

Spheroidal

Question 8

What is a compound synovial joint?

Answer 8

A combination of any type of the synovial joints

Question 9

Fibrous joint of interlocked bone separated by fibrous connective tissue

Answer 9

Suture

Question 10

Fibrous interlocking bone with a jagged edge

Answer 10

Serrated suture

Question 11

Fibrous joined bone with two beveled surfaces

Answer 11

Squamous suture

Question 12

Fibrous joint of two blunt ends joined by fibrous connective tissue

Answer 12

Planar suture

Question 13

Fibrous tongue-in-groove joined by fibrous connective tissue

Answer 13

Schindylesis

Question 14

Fibrous peg-in-socket joined by fibrous connective tissue

Answer 14

Gomphosis

Question 15

Fibrous joint of two bones separated by a fibrous membrane

Answer 15

Syndesmosis

Question 16

Primary cartilagenous joint characterized by temporary cartilaginous unions of hyaline cartilage between the Diaphysis and the Epiphysis of growing bone

Answer 16

Synchondrosis

Question 17

Secondary cartilagenous joint characterized by strong slightly moveable joints united by fibrocartilage

Answer 17

Symphysis

Question 18

What is a joint that includes articulations from more than one of the 3 main categories of joints?

Answer 18

Compound joint

Question 19

What kind of compound joint is C1/C2?

Answer 19

Compound Synovial joint (planar and trochoid)

Question 20

What is the joint between the Uncinate Process of the Inferior Vertebra and beveled inferior surface of the superior vertebra?

Answer 20

Uncovertebral Joint (of Luschka)

Question 21

What ligament travels on the dorsal surface of the vertebral bodies?

Answer 21

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament

Question 22

What is the structure that appears to have pale yellow fibers and travels on the ventral surface of the Vertebral Laminae?

Answer 22

Ligamentum Flavum

Question 23

What ligament travels between adjacent spinous processes?

Answer 23

Interspinous Ligament

Question 24

What ligament appears as fibrous cords in the Thoracic region and as thin membranes in the Lumbar Region?

Answer 24

Intertransverse Ligament

Question 25

What ligament travels on the dorsal surface of the Vertebral Spinous Processes, renamed the Ligamentum Nuchae in the Cervical Region?

Answer 25

Supraspinous Ligament

Question 26

Two portions of the Intervertebral Discs

Answer 26

Annulus fibrosis | Nucleus Pulposus

Question 27

What is the tough fibrous outer region of the Intervertebral Discs?

Answer 27

Annulus fibrosis

Question 28

What is the soft gelatinous inner portion of the intervertebral discs?

Answer 28

Nucleus pulposis

Question 29

What is the result of herniation of the nucleus pulposis?

Answer 29

Compression of the spinal nerve roots, Cauda Equina, and Spinal Nerves

Question 30

A prolapse at C5/6 affecting spinal nerve 6 is an example of what rule?

Answer 30

Second Number Rule

Question 31

The atlantooccipital joint is an example of what kind of joint?

Answer 31

Condyloid synovial joint

Question 32

What does the atlantooccipital joint articulate?

Answer 32

Atlas and the basilar occipital bone

Question 33

Parts of the atlantooccipital joint

Answer 33

Anterior and posterior atlantooccipital membranes | Tectorial membrane

Question 34

Connection of the Anterior Atlantooccipital membrane

Answer 34

Anterior arch of the Atlas to the Basilar Occipital B.

Question 35

Cxn of Tectorial Membrane

Answer 35

Posterior surface of the Body of the Axis to the anterior internal margin of the Foramen Magnum on the Occipital B.

Question 36

Cxn of the Posterior Atlantooccipital Membrane

Answer 36

Anterior surface of the posterior arch of the atlas to the posterior internal margin of the Foramen Magnum of the Occipital B.

Question 37

The Median Atlantoaxial Joint is an example of what kind of joint?

Answer 37

Trochoid Synovial Joint

Question 38

What does the Median Atlantoaxial joint articulate?

Answer 38

Anterior facet of the dens of the axis and the articular facet for the dens on the Atlas

Question 39

Parts of the Median Atlantoaxial joint

Answer 39

Cruciate ligament Alar Ligament Apical L. of the Dens

Question 40

What are the three parts of the Cruciate L. ?

Answer 40

Superior Longitudinal Band Transverse L. of the Atlas Inferior Longitudinal Band

Question 41

Cxn of the Superior longitudinal band

Answer 41

Occipital B. to the Transverse L.

Question 42

Cxn of the Transverse L. of the Atlas

Answer 42

Tubercle of the Transverse L to contralateral Tubercle of the Transverse L.

Question 43

Cxn of the Alar L.

Answer 43

Odontoid Process of Axis to lateral margins of the Foramen Magnum

Question 44

Cxn of the Apical L. of the Dens

Answer 44

Apex of the Dens to the anterior internal margin of the Foramen Magnum

Question 45

The Lateral Atlantoaxial Joint is an example of what kind of joint?

Answer 45

Planar Synovial Joint

Question 46

What does the Lateral Atlantoaxial Joint articulate?

Answer 46

Superior and Inferior Articulating processes of the Atlas and Axis

Question 47

The Lumbosacral Joint is an example of a compound joint, of what types of joint?

Answer 47

Symphysis | Planar Synovial

Question 48

Where does the Lumbosacral joint articulate?

Answer 48

Between L5 and the Sacrum

Question 49

What ligaments are absent from the Lumbosacral Joint?

Answer 49

Interspinous L. Intertransverse L. Supraspinous L.

Question 50

Parts of the Lumbosacral joint

Answer 50

Anterior and Posterior Longitudinal Ligaments Ligamentum Flavum Iliolumbar L. Intervertebral Disc

Question 51

Cxn of the Iliolumbar L.

Answer 51

Travels from the L5 Transverse Processes to the Iliac Crest

Question 52

Cxn of the Lumbosacral L.

Answer 52

Travels from the L5 Transverse Process and Body to the Sacral Area