Back Myology

Question 1

Unipenate muscles

Answer 1

Tendon on one side, muscle on the other side

Question 2

Bipennate muscles

Answer 2

Muscle on either side of a tendon

Question 3

Multipennate muscle

Answer 3

Multiple feathered muscle groups

Question 4

Bicipital muscles

Answer 4

Muscles with two heads

Question 5

Tricipital muscles

Answer 5

Muscles with three heads

Question 6

Quadracipital muscles

Answer 6

Muscles with four heads

Question 7

Digastric muscles

Answer 7

Muscles with two bellies

Question 8

Multiventral muscles

Answer 8

Muscles broke up by a tendon

Question 9

Multicaudal muscles

Answer 9

Muscles with multiple tendons

Question 10

Serrated muscles

Answer 10

Muscles with a serrated edge

Question 11

Circular or sphincteral muscles

Answer 11

Muscles surrounding an opening

Question 12

Quadrate muscles

Answer 12

Equal sided muscles

Question 13

Agonist

Answer 13

Skeletal muscles that activate a specific movement in the body

Question 14

Antagonist

Answer 14

Skeletal muscles that oppose the action of the agonist muscle

Question 15

Synergistic muscles

Answer 15

Skeletal muscles that complement the action of the agonist and prevent the movement of an intervening joint when the agonist passes more than one joint

Question 16

Fixator muscles

Answer 16

Skeletal muscles that stabilize the joints, or the proximal part of the joint while the distal portion is in motion

Question 17

Fusiform muscles

• what are they
• 3 types

Answer 17

Spindle shaped with thick central region and tapered ends

• bicipital
• tricipital
• quadracipital

Question 18

Pennate muscles

• what are they
• 3 types

Answer 18

Feather like muscles

• unipennate
• bipennate
• multipennate

Question 19

What muscles are in first layer of back muscle

Extrinsic/intrinsic

Answer 19

Trapezius
Latissimus dorsi

Extrinsic

Question 20

What muscles are in layer 2 of back muscle

Extrinsic/intrinsic

Answer 20

Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor
Levator scapulae

Extrinsic

Question 21

What muscles are in layer 3 of back muscle

Extrinsic/intrinsic

Answer 21

Serratus posterior superior
Serratus posterior inferior

Extrinsic

Question 22

What muscles are in layer 4 of back muscle

Extrinsic/intrinsic

Answer 22

Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicis

Intrinsic

Question 23

What muscles are in layer 5 of back muscle

Extrinsic/intrinsic

Answer 23

Erector spinae muscles:

• iliocostalis lumborum, thoracis, cervicis
• longissimus thoracis, cervicis, capitis
• spinalis thoracis, cervicis, capitis

Intrinsic

Question 24

What muscles are in layer 6 of back muscle

Extrinsic/intrinsic

Answer 24

Traversospinalis muscles:

• semispinalis thoracis, cervicis, capitis
• multifidus
• rotatores longus
• rotatores brevis

Intrinsic

Question 25

4 suboccipital muscles

Answer 25

Rectus capitis posterior major
Rectus capitis posterior minor
Obliquus capitis inferior
Obliquus capitis superior

Question 26

What 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff

Answer 26

Subscapularis
Supraspinatous
Infraspinatous
Teres minor

Question 27

Purpose of the extrinsic muscles

Answer 27

Connect vertebral column with the pectoral girdle and the humerus; act to move the upper extremities

Question 28

Purpose of the intrinsic back muscles

Answer 28

Act to maintain posture and control movements of the vertebral column