Back pain

Question 1

Farcture of dens

Answer 1

hyperectension or hyperflexion

bone graft iliac crest

Question 2

Whip lash

Answer 2

anterior longitudinal ligament is torn

Question 3

which curves of spine are secondary?

Answer 3

cervical and lumbar- lordosis

Question 4

Kyphosis?

Answer 4

thoracic and sacral

Question 5

slipped disk?

Answer 5

L4/L5 posteriorlateral dislocation of nucleus pulosus

Cauda equine syndrome

Question 6

What are osteophytes?

Answer 6

new bone growth

Question 7

describe simple (mechanical back pain) and how would you treat it?

Answer 7

may radiate to buttock and leg
often worse at end of day
simple analgesics, tricyclic anti-depressants

Question 8

Describe Sciatica

Answer 8

L4-S3
back, leg and below the knee
pins and needles in the leg, foot drop loss of ankle jerk

Question 9

Describe inflammatory back pain

Answer 9

buttock pain, nocturnal pain and early morning stiffness, worse with rest

Question 10

Describe ankylosing spondylitis

Answer 10

young men, large joint oligoarthritis, IBD, psoriasis

Question 11

Describe pagets disease

Answer 11

raised alkaline phosphatase

Question 12

Describe neurogenic claudication

Answer 12

spinal stenosis

bilateral leg symptoms-weakness, tingling, worse on standing

Question 13

describe cauda equine syndrome

Answer 13

difficulty with micturition
loss of anal sphincter tone
saddle anaesthesia
EMERGENCY