BACTE part 2.1

Question 1

True or false
Micrococci are organisms that metabolizes glucose in the absence of oxygen

Answer 1

False, they are oxidative which utilizes glucose in the presence of oxygen

Question 2

Which is/are the virulence factor/s of the species of staphylococci
I. Capsule
II. Protein A and M
III. alpha, beta, delta, and gamma toxins
IV. Heat-stable endotoxin
V. PVL

a. all of the above
b. only I
c. I, III, V
d. I, II, III, V
e. I and V

Answer 2

e. I and V

Question 3

viruenlence factor of staphy. aureus associated with scalded skin syndrome

Answer 3

Exfoliative toxins

Question 4

other name for Scalded skin syndrome

Answer 4

Ritter disease

Question 5

True or False
All staph species can ferment mannitol

Answer 5

false, only staph. aureus is the mannitol fermenter

Question 6

causes “prosthetic heart valve endocarditis”

Answer 6

STAPHYLOCOCCUS EPIDERMIDIS

Question 7

cause uncomplicated UTI, especially in young females (<100,000 CFU/mL)

Answer 7

STAPHYLOCOCCUS SAPROPHYTICUS

Question 8

O2 stable; non-immunogenic; lyses RBCs, WBCs, PLTs in
presence of room air (with oxygen)

Answer 8

Streptolysin S

Question 9

O2 labile; immunogenic; lyses RBCs, WBCs , PLTs in
absence of room air (no oxygen)

Answer 9

Streptolysin O

Question 10

antiphagocytic; mediated rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis

Answer 10

M protein

Question 11

also known as the Spreading factors because it can
solubilize or destroy connective tissues. It is fast spreading infection
specially in the connective tissues

Answer 11

Hyaluronidase

Question 12

which lancefield group classification is positive in Hippurate hydrolysis test

Answer 12

only group B, strep agalactiae

Question 13

True or False
standard zone of inhibition of more than 14mm is considered susceptible in the bacitracin test

Answer 13

False it should be 10mm

Question 14

end product of hippurate hydrolysis test

Answer 14

Glycine / Benzoic Acid

Question 15

Neufeld Reaction or Quellung Reaction Test reagent

Answer 15

antiserum for capsule

Question 16

Gram-negative diplococci resembling “coffee beans” or “kidney beans”

Answer 16

Neisseria species

Question 17

test that detects the presence of cytochrome-c oxidase used in the
electron transport chain.

Answer 17

Oxidase Test

Question 18

primary human pathogen; may be found as commensal
inhabitant of upper respiratory tract of carriers.

Answer 18

N. meningitidis

Question 19

If nickel-based alloy wire or nichrome iron-containing wire loop is used, it can
cause

Answer 19

FALSE POSITIVE RESULT

Question 20

Virulence factor that facilitates adherence to phagocytic and epithelial cells.

Answer 20

Protein II

Question 21

True or False
New york city agar and GC LECT agar are not chocolate agar but hemoglobin is still incorporated

Answer 21

True

Question 22

type of anthrax that has a small dark area appears on the center of the ring and eventually
ulcerates and dries (Eschar). Lesion is sometimes known as “Malignant
Pustule.”

Answer 22

Cutaneous Anthrax

Question 23

Also called “Woolsorter’s disease” and “Ragpickers disease”

Answer 23

Pulmonary Anthrax

Question 24

Occurs when the spores are inoculated into a lesion on the intestinal
mucosa following ingestion of spores. Bloody diarrhea may also occur.

Answer 24

Gastrointestinal Anthrax

Question 25

Heat treatment at ?C for ? minutes or ? for ? minutes is effective for killing vegetative cells and retaining spores for most Bacillus spp

Answer 25

70C for 30 minutes or 80C for 10 minutes

Question 26

which bacillus species is motile and is beta hemolytic

Answer 26

bacillus cereus

Question 27

only b.cereus is positive in lecithinase true or false

Answer 27

false, all bacillus species are postive

Question 28

Also known as “Klebs-Loeffler Bacillus”

Answer 28

C. diphtheriae

Question 29

duration of incubatio for Cystine-tellurite blood agar and Modified Tinsdale agar

Answer 29

48 hrs

Question 30

only Corynebacteria species that is positive in tween 80

Answer 30

C. jeikeium

Question 31

Corynebacteria species that has Brown halo on tinsdale

Answer 31

C. diphtheriae C. ulcerans C. pseudotuberculosis

Question 32

Nitrate Reduction Test reagent

Answer 32

Sulfanilic acid and alpha-naphthylamine

Question 33

Tests the ability of the organism to hydrolyze urea into ammonia, water, and carbon dioxide

Answer 33

urease test

Question 34

A localized skin infection and may resemble streptococcal erysipelas

Answer 34

Erysipeloid

Question 35

Associated with endocarditis seen in patients who have had valve replacements.

Answer 35

septicemia

Question 36

BV is characterized by a malodorous discharge and a vaginal pH greater than

Answer 36

4.5 ph

Question 37

clue cells are observed in

Answer 37

bacterial vaginosis

Question 38

Partially Acid-Fast Aerobic Actinomyces

Answer 38

GoNoRhoTsu * Gordonia * Rhodococcus * Nocardia * Tsukamurella

Question 39

Non-Acid-Fast Aerobic Actinomyces

Answer 39

SAND Streptomyces * Actinomadura * Nocardiopsis * Dermatophilus

Question 40

Occurs from INHALATION of organism present in dust or soil * Most common manifestation is BRONCHOPNEUMONIA that is usually chronic.

Answer 40

Nocardia asteroides

Question 41

* Occurs following INOCULATION of organism into the skin or subcutaneous tissue * Usually seen in hands and feet as a result of outdoor activity * Also known as MYCETOMA, a chronic, localized, painless, subcutaneous infection

Answer 41

Nocardia brasiliensis

Question 42

Partially acid-fast (decolorized used:

Answer 42

0.5% to 1% sulfuric acid;

Question 43

Colonies have chalky, matte, or velvety appearance; resembles “breadcrumbs”

Answer 43

nocardia

Question 44

Pfeiffer’s bacillus

Answer 44

H. influenzae

Question 45

caused the most invasive infections and occurred primarily in young children and a leading cause of meningitis - ages 3 months to 6 years

Answer 45

H. influenzae serotype B

Question 46

Koch-Weeks bacillus

Answer 46

H. influenzae biotype aegyptius

Question 47

commonly referred to as "Soft Chancre"

Answer 47

Chancroid

Question 48

Hard chancre cause by

Answer 48

Treponema pallidum

Question 49

It is found in dental plaque and gingival scrapings. * Infections: fever, heart murmur, congestive heart failure.

Answer 49

AGGREGATIBACTER APHROPHILUS

Question 50

Distinctive "star-shaped colonies” with 4 to 6 points" in the center of the colonies

Answer 50

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Question 51

On the agar, characteristic "pitting" may be produced - “Pitting” means that it corrodes the agar.

Answer 51

CARDIOBACTERIUM HOMINIS

Question 52

occur as a result of trauma, esp. after human bites/ fights implicated in periodontitis, osteomyelitis, bite wound infections,

Answer 52

EIKENELLA CORRODENS

Question 53

causes undulant fever

Answer 53

Brucella , Brucellosis

Question 54

Commonly causes CUTANEOUS infection resulting from ANIMAL BITES

Answer 54

Pasteurella

Question 55

True or False both Y.pestis and Pasteurella can be demonstrated by Wayson stain

Answer 55

true

Question 56

causes - severe pneumonia with a case fatality rate of 10% to 20%

Answer 56

Legionnaires' disease

Question 57

Gram-negative rods; described as "curved" (comma-shaped) or straight rods

Answer 57

vibrio

Question 58

colonies are smooth, glistening, and silver, resembling mercury droplets

Answer 58

bordetella

Question 59

is the causative agent of CHOLERA (Asiatic cholera or epidemic cholera)

Answer 59

V. cholerae 01

Question 60

Second most common Vibrio species implicated in gastroenteritis It was first recognized as a pathogen in Japan known as "summer diarrhea”

Answer 60

VIBRIO PARAHAEMOLYTICUS

Question 61

Commonly referred to as the "Lactose-positive" Vibrio

Answer 61

VIBRIO VULNIFICUS

Question 62

vibrio spp that are Sucrose fermenters (yellow colonies)

Answer 62

V. cholerae V. alginolyticus

Question 63

vibrio spp that are Non-sucrose fermenters (green colonies)

Answer 63

o V. mimicus o V. parahaemolyticus o V. vulnificus

Question 64

very fast movement of the organism, which is exhibited by using hanging drop preparation

Answer 64

Darting motility

Question 65

Appear as long spirals, S-shapes, or described as “Sea-gull wing” appearance

Answer 65

C. jejuni

Question 66

Colonies produce a grapelike or corn tortilla-like odor – odor produced by

Answer 66

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 67

Causes Meliodosis, it is also an example of pulmonary infection – aggressive granulomatous pulmonary disease caused by ingestion, inhalation, or inoculation of organism

Answer 67

BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLE

Question 68

Culture used for BURKHOLDERIA PSEUDOMALLEI

Answer 68

Ashdown medium

Question 69

Causes Glander’s disease, a zoonosis primarily affecting livestock such as horses and donkeys. It is rare in humans, but manifests as pulmonary infection.

Answer 69

BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI

Question 70

Causes endocarditis, UTIs, osteomyelitis, wound infections, FOOT ROT infections

Answer 70

BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA

Question 71

test that can be used to differentiate the two species of pseudomonas

Answer 71

Gelatin hydrolysis

Question 72

true or false P. putida – can hydrolyze gelatin

Answer 72

false

Question 73

true or false P. fluorescens – can hydrolyze gelatin

Answer 73

true

Question 74

selective agar for Pseudomonas aeruginisa – positive growth color is blue-green

Answer 74

Cetrimide agar

Question 75

true or false Both Campylobacter and Helicobacter are non motile

Answer 75

false, they are motile

Question 76

“jacuzzi or hot tub syndrome other name

Answer 76

Necrotizing skin rash

Question 77

It colonizes the stomach and can cause a low-grade inflammatory process producing chronic superficial gastritis

Answer 77

Helicobacter pylori

Question 78

considered as enrichment broth for Vibrio.

Answer 78

Alkaline peptone water

Question 79

Selective- Differential Medium for vibrio spp

Answer 79

TCBS – Thiosulfate Ctrate Bile Salts sucrose agar

Question 80

ph indicator in TCBS agar

Answer 80

Bromthymol blue

Question 81

is an acute diarrheal disease spread mainly thru contaminated water, however outbreaks are caused by improper preservation and handling of foods including fish and seafood, milk, ice cream, and unpreserved meat.

Answer 81

cholera

Question 82

hree symptomatic stages of bordetella pertusis

Answer 82

catarrhal, paroxysmal, and convalescent.

Question 83

true or false All species vibrio spp are halophilic

Answer 83

False V. cholerae and V. mimicus are not halophilic

Question 84

culture media with potato infusion agar w/ glycerol, sheep blood w/ methicillin or cephalexin

Answer 84

Bordet-Gengou agar

Question 85

fever that is mild, self-limited, nonfatal, influenza-like respiratory infection caused by L. pneumophila

Answer 85

pontiac fever

Question 86

Thionin dye inhibits growth of what brucella species?

Answer 86

B. abortus

Question 87

brucella sps that is not inhibited by either thionin and basic fuchsin

Answer 87

B. melitensis

Question 88

True or False All HACEK are capnophilic

Answer 88

true

Question 89

causes acute, contagious conjunctivitis, commonly referred to as "PINK EYE"

Answer 89

H. influenzae biotype aegyptius

Question 90

Medium of choice for Bacterial vaginosis

Answer 90

Human Blood Bilayer Tween Agar

Question 91

virulence factor of Listeria monocytogenes that induces actin polymerization on the surface of the host cell, facilitates cellular spread

Answer 91

Act A

Question 92

(+) for GLUCOSE, MALTOSE, and LACTOSE identify what neisseria spp

Answer 92

→ N. lactamica

Question 93

(+) for GLUCOSE, MALTOSE identify what neisseria spp

Answer 93

→ N. meningitis

Question 94

causes erysipelas

Answer 94

strep pyogenes

Question 95

causes erysipeloid

Answer 95

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathia

Question 96

Major virulence factor of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 96

Listeriolysin O

Question 97

Considered as most common non-cultural test for detection for Gardnerella vaginalis

Answer 97

10% KOH (Potassium Hydroxide) test

Question 98

known as highly pleomorphic organism

Answer 98

C. diphtheriae

Question 99

Colonies are convex, smooth, gray, nonhemolytic; may have a musty or mushroom odor

Answer 99

pasteurella multocida

Question 100

Brucella spp that are rapid urease producers

Answer 100

B. suis and B. canis

Question 101

Primary human pathogen and is the agent of human and animal tularemia.

Answer 101

Francisella tularensis