CC practice test Flashcards by Tatiana Perez

Which of the following conditions
is most consistently associated
with hypercholesterolemia?
A. Hypothyroidism
B. Malabsorption syndrome
C. Pancreatitis
D. Diabetes mellitus

Hypothyroidism

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When using the Friedewald
equation to estimate LDL
cholesterol, the error becomes
unacceptably high at triglyceride
levels:
A. <200 mg/dL
B. >200 mg/dL
C. <400 mg/dL
D. >400 mg/dL

> 400 mg/dL

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. A patient’s total cholesterol is 300
mg/dL, his HDL cholesterol is 50
mg/dL, and his triglyceride is 200
mg/dL. What is this patient’s LDL
cholesterol when calculated using
the Friedewald equation?
A. 200
B. 210
C. 290
D. 350

210

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A fluorometer uses a secondary
monochromator to isolate the
wavelength emitted by the
A. gas discharge lamp
B. atomizer
C. ground-state atoms
D. excited molecules

excited molecules

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Which lipoprotein is associated
with obstructive biliary disease
and familial LCAT deficiency?
A. B-VLDL
B. LpX
C. Lp(a)
D. LDL

LpX

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Deficiency of which of the
following apolipoproteins causes
reduced clearance of triglyceriderich lipoproteins?
A. B-48
B. A-IV
C. C-II
D. Apo(a)

B-48

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As part of a routine physical, a
fasting plasma glucose is
performed on a 45-year-old male
and the test result is 105 mg/dL.
How should this individual be
classified?
A. Normal for his age
B. Impaired fasting glucose
C. Type 1 diabetes mellitus
D. Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Impaired fasting glucose

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What is the reference method for
non-protein nitrogenous
compounds?
A. GCMS
B. Tandem MS
C. MALDI TOF
D. IDMS

IDMS

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Cigarette smoking will cause
falsely increased result in the
following methods for urea
EXCEPT:
A. Nesslerization
B. Berthelot
C. Conductimetric
D. Diacetyl monoxime

Diacetyl monoxime

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Which of the following is the
common initial reaction in the
enzymatic methods for
creatinine?
A. Hydrolysis of creatinine
B. Hydrolysis of creatine
C. Phosphorylation of creatine
D. Oxidation of sarcosine

Hydrolysis of creatinine

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Which of the following is
measured in the creatininase–CK
coupled?
A. Increased absorbance of
NADH at 340 nm
B. Decreased absorbance of
NAD at 340 nm
C. Increase in color intensity
of the oxidized chromogen
D. Decrease in color intensity
of the oxidized chromogen

Decreased absorbance of
NAD at 340 nm

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Which of the following would be
consistent with pre-renal
azotemia?
A. BUN/Creatinine ratio >20:1
with normal creatinine
B. BUN/Creatinine ratio >20:1
with elevated creatinine
C. BUN/Creatinine ratio <10:1
D. Increased creatinine
clearance

BUN/Creatinine ratio >20:1
with normal creatinine

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Dyes used in serum protein
electrophoresis include the
following EXCEPT:
A. Ponceau S
B. Amido black
C. Coomassie blue
D. Bromcresol green

Bromcresol green

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Which of the following is
associated with
hyperalbuminemia?
A. Malnutrition
B. Nephrotic syndrome
C. Liver disease
D. Dehydration

Dehydration

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Which of the following are α2-
globulins?
1. Haptoglobin
2. Inter-α-trypsin inhibitor
3. Ceruloplasmin
4. α-fetoprotein
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3

1 and 3

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In iron deficiency anemia, serum
iron and transferrin are
respectively:
A. Decreased, increased
B. Increased, decreased
C. Decreased, decreased
D. Increased, increased

Decreased, increased

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if a hemolyzed serum is used in
electrophoresis, an additional
band will be seen between:
A. β and γ zones
B. α2 and β1 zones
C. α1 and α2 zones
D. β1 and β2 zones

α2 and β1 zones

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What is the characteristic
densitometric pattern associated
with hepatic cirrhosis?
A. α1 and α2 peaks
B. sharp γ peak
C. β-γ bridging
D. α1 flat curve

β-γ bridging

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Which of the following is used as
a negative predictor of myocardial
infarction within the first 4 hours?
A. hsCRP
B. Myoglobin
C. Troponin I
D. Homocysteine

Myoglobin

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The following proteins are used to
evaluate glomerular filtration rate
EXCEPT:
A. Cystatin C
B. β2-microglobulin
C. β Trace Protein
D. Atrial natriuretic peptide

Atrial natriuretic peptide

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Which of the following represents
proteolytic fragments of collagen I and is used as a biochemical
marker of bone resorption?
A. Neuronal Thread Protein
B. Cross-linked C Telopeptide
C. Amyloid β42
D. Atrial natriuretic peptide

Cross-linked C Telopeptide

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Which of the following is the
ultimate reference method for
protein based on the
measurement of nitrogen
content?
A. Kjeldahl method
B. Biuret method
C. Folin-Ciocalteau (Lowry)
method
D. Ninhydrin method

Kjeldahl method

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A BUN result of 15 mg/dL is
obtained by a technologist. What
is the equivalent urea
concentration?
A. 32.1 mg/dL
B. 5.36 mg/dL
C. 2.5 mg/dL
D. 3.21 mg/dL

32.1 mg/dL

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Which of the following are positive
acute-phase reactants?
1. α1-antitrypsin
2. Haptoglobin
3. C-reactive protein
4. Fibrinogen
A. 1 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 1, 2, and 3
D. 1, 2, 3, and 4

1, 2, 3, and 4

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What clinical manifestation would be consistent with a densitometric pattern that shows a marked decrease in the α1-globulin peak area? A. Pulmonary emphysema B. Acute inflammation C. Nephrotic syndrome D. Agammaglobulinemia

Pulmonary emphysema

Which of the following light sources is used in atomic absorption spectrophotometry? A. Hollow-cathode lamp B. Xenon Arc Lamp C. Tungsten Light D. Deuterium Lamp

Hollow-cathode lamp

Which of the following represents an enzyme’s catalytic mechanism? A. E + S → ES → E → P B. E + P → EP → E → S C. E + S + P → ESP D. ESP → E + S + P

E + S → ES → E → P

Which of the following is NOT associated with pronounced AST elevation? A. Acute hepatocellular disorders B. Circulatory collapse C. Myocardial infarction D. Biliary obstruction

Biliary obstruction

Which of the following enzyme assays is subject to end product inhibition by inorganic phosphorus? A. Forward LD B. Reverse CK C. GGT D. ALP

ALP

What is the substrate used in the Bowers-McComb assay? A. α-naphthylphosphate B. β-glycerophosphate C. phenylphosphate D. p-nitrophenylphosphate

p-nitrophenylphosphate

Increased sodium loss in urine can occur with the following conditions, EXCEPT: A. Addison’s disease B. Salt-losing nephropathy C. Renal failure D. Thiazide diuretic use

Renal failure

Which of the following is the most routinely used method for serum sodium determination? A. AAS B. FEP C. ISE D. Albanese-Lein

ISE

High serum chloride values are associated with: A. Prolonged vomiting B. Diabetic ketoacidosis C. Compensated respiratory acidosis D. Metabolic acidosis

Metabolic acidosis

What do the following results suggest? Serum calcium – elevated; serum inorganic phosphate – decreased; urine calcium – elevated; urine inorganic phosphate – elevated A. Hypovitaminosis D B. Paget disease C. Renal failure D. Hyperparathyroidism

Hyperparathyroidism

What is the reagent used in the Fiske-Subbarow method? A. o-cresolphthalein complexone B. Arsenazo III C. 8-hydroxyquinoline D. Ammonium molybdate

Ammonium molybdate

Which of the following conditions is associated with hypophosphatemia? A. Lymphoblastic leukemia B. Vitamin D deficiency C. Renal failure D. Intravascular hemolysis

Vitamin D deficiency

Calculate the plasma osmolality given the following information: glucose – 124 mg/dL; BUN – 22 mg/dL; sodium – 138 mmol/L; potassium – 5 mmol/L; chloride – 105 mmol/L; bicarbonate – 25 mmol/L. A. 13 mmol/L B. 13 mOsm/kg C. 290 mOsm/kg D. 290 mmol/L

290 mOsm/kg

Low anion gap may be caused by: A. Decreased unmeasured cations and increased unmeasured anions B. Increased unmeasured cations and anions C. Increased unmeasured cations and decreased unmeasured anions D. Decreased unmeasured cations and anions

Increased unmeasured cations and decreased unmeasured anions

The ratio of HCO3 and H2CO3 may be decreased by: A. An increase in the reclamation of HCO3 B. A decrease in pulmonary ventilation C. A decrease in the excretion of HCO3 D. An increase in the rate of respiration

A decrease in pulmonary ventilation

Which of the following is the compensatory mechanism in respiratory acidosis? A. Decreased renal production of ammonia B. Decreased bicarbonate reabsorption C. Increased CO2 retention D. Increased bicarbonate retention

Increased bicarbonate retention

A patient’s arterial blood gas results are: pH= 7.48; pCO2= 54 mmHg; HCO3-= 38 mmol/L. These values are consistent with: A. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis B. Partially compensated respiratory alkalosis C. Uncompensated metabolic alkalosis D. Partially compensated metabolic alkalosis

Partially compensated metabolic alkalosis

Considering that hyperglycemia normally suppresses GH secretion, glucose administration may be used for the diagnosis of: A. Hypoadrenalism B. Acromegaly C. Cushing’s disease D. Panhypopituitarism

Acromegaly

The following are common clinical manifestations of hyperprolactinemia in females EXCEPT: A. Amenorrhea B. Anovulation C. Galactorrhea D. Increased libido

Increased libido

Which of the following is one of the clinical manifestations of hypothyroidism in adults? A. Myxedema B. Cretinism C. Exopthalmus D. Weight loss

Myxedema

A patient has an elevated serum T3 and free T4 and undetectable TSH. What is the most likely cause of these results? A. Primary hyperthyroidism B. Secondary hyperthyroidism C. Euthyroid with increased TBG D. Euthyroid sick syndrome

Primary hyperthyroidism

Which of the following is considered the confirmatory test for primary aldosteronism? A. Metyrapone test B. Cosyntropin test C. PA/PRA ratio D. Captopril suppression

Captopril suppression

Which of the following drugs exerts its effect by relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchial passages? A. Acetaminophen B. Lithium C. Phenytoin D. Theophylline

Theophylline

.A child presents with microcytic, hypochromic anemia. A urinary screen for porphyrins was positive. Erythrocytic basophilic stippling was noted on the peripheral blood smear. Which of the following laboratory tests would be best applied to this case? A. Whole blood lead B. Urinary thiocyanate C. Blood carboxyhemoglobin D. Serum iron

Whole blood lead

.Marked increase in aminotransferases and slight increase in ALP and GGT are most consistent with: A. Acute hepatitis B. Alcoholic liver disease C. Biliary obstruction D. Hepatic tumor

Acute hepatitis

Which of the following classes of compounds has a sedative effect and as such is used to treat anxiety? A. Amphetamines B. Opiates C. Cannabinoids D. Benzodiazepine

Benzodiazepine

Perform this conversion: 20 μL = ______ mL a. 2 b. 0.02 c. 0.002 d. 0.2

0.02

Which set of results most accurately reMects severe renal disease? a. Serum Creatinine, 2.0 mg/dL; Creatinine clearance, 120 mL/min; BUN, 14 mg/dL b. Serum Creatinine, 1.0 mg/dL; Creatinine clearance, 110 mL/min; BUN, 17 mg/dL c. Serum Creatinine, 3.7 mg/dL; Creatinine clearance, 44 mL/min; BUN, 88 mg/dL d. Serum Creatinine, 1.0 mg/dL; Creatinine clearance, 95 mL/min; BUN, 43 mg/dL

Serum Creatinine, 3.7 mg/dL; Creatinine clearance, 44 mL/min; BUN, 88 mg/dL

Which of the following color codes corresponds to the needle gauge with the largest lumen diameter? a. Yellow b. Green c. Blue d. Black

Yellow

As part of a routine physical, a fasting plasma glucose is performed on a 50-year old female and the test result is 115 mg/dL. How should this individual be classi\ed? a. Normal for his age b. Type 1 diabetes mellitus c. Pre-diabetes d. Type 2 diabetes mellitus

Pre-diabetes

Which arterial puncture site requires the performance of modi\ed Allen test prior to use? a. Radial artery b. Femoral artery c. Brachial artery d. Ulnar artery

Radial artery

A blood sample from a 32-year old man was sent to the laboratory for lipoprotein phenotyping. The results were: Triglyceride, 340 mg/dL; Cholesterol, 180mg/dL; Pre-Beta LPP, increased; Chylomicrons absent; Serum turbid. Considering the results, what is the lipoprotein phenotype? a. Type 4 b. Type 2b c. Type 3 d. Type 1

Calculate the LDL cholesterol level using the Fridewald equation: TC = 400 mg/dL; TG = 300 mg/dL; HDL-C = 100 mg/dL a. 240 mg/dL b. 300 mg/dL c. 200 mg/dL d. 160 mg/dL

240 mg/dL

Which of the following is used as a marker for congestive heart failure? a. BNP b. Homocysteine c. Troponin I d. hsCRP

BNP

In a micro pipet gravimetric calibration, the mean amount delivered is determined to be 49.71 µL with a variance of 0.0081 µL. What is the precision of this pipet expressed as coefficient of variation? a. 0.29 b. 0.18 c. 0.016 d. 0.09

The plasma protein that serves to transport a large number of compounds including bilirubin, calcium, drugs, and free fatty acids is: a. Albumin b. Immunoglobulin G c. Haptoglobin d. Prealbumin

Albumin

Aside from the average plasma glucose level, what is another factor that can affect the HbA1c value? a. Serum ketone bodies level b. Increased triglyceride levels c. Ascorbic acid intake d. Red blood cell life span

Red blood cell life span

Whole blood glucose level is about ______ lower than plasma glucose. a. 5% b. 2-5 mg/dL c. 10-15 mg/dL d. 10-15 %

10-15 %

Hemolytic disease of a newborn results from maternal-fetal Rh incompatibility. This produces physiological jaundice that is characterized by: a. Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia b. Combined hyperbilirubinemia c. Bilirubinuria d. Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia

Arrange the following specimens according to the recommended order of draw for capillary puncture: 1-Gold top tube, 2-EDTA tube, 3-Slide/smear, 4- Mint green tube, 5 Blood gases a. 3, 5, 2, 1, 4 b. 3, 5, 2, 4, 1 c. 5, 3, 2, 1, 4 d. 5, 3, 2, 4, 1

5, 3, 2, 4, 1

Which of the following is so-called “sinking pre-β lipoprotein” and is associated with CHD due to its prothrombotic nature? a. IDL b. β-VLDL  c. LpX d. Lp(a)

Lp(a)

Choosing an incorrect evacuated collection tube to obtain a blood specimen is an example of ______________ error? a. statistical b. post-analytical c. analytical d. preanalytical

preanalytical

A new CA 125 test for ovarian cancer gave positive results in 28 of 30 malignant patients and negative results in 82 of 85 benign patients. What are the sensitivity, speci\city, PPV, and NPV values respectively? a. 87.5%, 97.6%, 93.3%, 96.5% b. 96.5%, 93.3%, 87.5%, 97.6% c. 93.3%, 96.5%, 97.6%, 87.5% d. 93.3%, 96.5%, 87.5%, 97.6%

93.3%, 96.5%, 87.5%, 97.6%

The times of measurement for plasma glucose levels during an OGTT in non-pregnant patients being screened for type 2 DM are: a. Fasting, 1 hour, and 2 hours b. 30, 60, and 120 minutes c. Fasting and 2 hours d. Fasting, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes

Fasting and 2 hours

Liver function includes the synthesis of all of the following EXCEPT: a. Albumin b. Immunoglobulins c. Glycogen d. Coagulation factors

Immunoglobulins

Which of the following statements may be associated with the activity of insulin? a. Stimulates glycogenolysis b. Promotes release of hepatic glucose into plasma c. Elevates blood glucose levels d. Stimulates glucose uptake by cells

Stimulates glucose uptake by cells

Which of the following statements is true about bilirubin? a. The conjugated form of bilirubin is highly toxic to the nervous system when elevated. b. All of the above. c. Bilirubin is bound to albumin in plasma before conjugation in hepatocytes. d. Bilirubin becomes conjugated to gluconic acid in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Polarographic methods of glucose assay are based on which principle? a. Change in electrical potential as glucose is oxidized b. Nonenzymatic oxidation of glucose c. Chemiluminescence caused by the formation of ATP d. Measurement of the rate of oxygen depletion

Measurement of the rate of oxygen depletion

Which of the following correctly describes type 1 diabetes mellitus? a. Requires an oral glucose tolerance test for diagnosis b. Requires insulin replacement to prevent ketosis c. Usually occurs after age 40 d. Is the most common form of diabetes mellitus

Requires insulin replacement to prevent ketosis

Which apolipoprotein is inversely related to risk of coronary heart disease? a. Apoprotein E b. Apoprotein B100 c. Apoprotein B48 d. Apoprotein A-I

Apoprotein A-I

Which of the following is used as a negative predictor of myocardial infarction within the 1st 4 hours? a. Troponin I b. Myoglobin c. hsCRP d. Homocysteine

Myoglobin

How many milliliters of bleach in an original bottle are needed to prepare 100 mL of a 10% solution? a. 0.1 mL bleach and 99.9 mL water b. 1.0 mL bleach and 99 mL water c. 90 mL bleach and 10 mL water d. 10 mL bleach and 90 mL water

10 mL bleach and 90 mL water

What is the actual end product measured in the peroxidase-coupled glucose oxidase reaction? a. Intensity of color of quinoneimine dye b. NADP produced from the oxidation of NADPH c. Amount of H2O2 produced d. NADPH produced from the reduction of NADP

Amount of H2O2 produced

Which of the following would be consistent with an A/G ratio of 0.8 and a total protein level of 9.0 g/dL? a. Albumin is increased, globulin is decreased b. Albumin is decreased, globulin is increased c. Both albumin and globulin are increased d. Both albumin and globulin are decreased

Albumin is decreased, globulin is increased

A standard solution of glucose has a concentration of 125 mg/dL and gives an absorbance of 0.20. Assuming a linear reaction, what is the concentration of glucose in a patient's serum that has an absorbance of 0.24? a. 150 mgldL b. 180 mg/dL c. 138 mg/dL d. 104 mg/d

150 mg/dL

Which of the following environmental factors affect evacuated tube draw volume? 1. Ambient temperature 2. Humidity 3. Altitude 4. Light a. 1, 2, 3, and 4 b. 1, 2, and 3 c. 2 and 4 d. 1 and 3

1 and 3

Which of the following analytes may become elevated if the patient suddenly changes position from supine to upright just before blood collection? 1. Calcium, 2. Prolactin, 3. Albumin, 4. Catecholamines a. 2 and 4 b. 1, 2, and 3 c. 1 and 3 d. 1, 2, 3, and 4

1 and 3

All of the following are associated with high risk of premature coronary heart disease EXCEPT: a. High plasma apoB100 b. High plasma LDL cholesterol c. High plasma HDL cholesterol d. High total plasma cholesterol

High total plasma cholesterol

Variables that are included in the MDRD-IDMS estimated creatinine clearance calculations include all of the following EXCEPT: a. Gender b. Weight c. Age d. Serum creatinine

Weight

Which of the following is associated with pre-renal azotemia? a. Tumors b. Nephrolithiasis c. Dehydration d. Glomerulonephritis

Dehydration

Given the following information, interpret the creatinine clearance: 24-hour urine volume: 1000 mL; serum creatinine: 2.0 mg/dL; urine creatinine: 200 mg/dL a. High for a female patient b. Low c. Normal d. High for a male patient

Low

Eight consecutive observations for the same level of control exceed 1SD in the same direction. What do these results indicate? a. Bias trend b. Imprecision c. Outlier d. Random error

Bias trend

Which of the following are associated with hypouricemia? 1. Fanconi syndrome, 2. Alcoholism , 3. Severe liver disease, 4. Chemotherapy with cytotoxic agents a. 1, 2, and 3 b. 1, 2, 3, and 4 c. 2 and 4 d. 1 and 3

1 and 3

What is the preferred capillary puncture site for newborn screening? a. Big toe b. Ear lobe c. 3rd or 4th \nger d. Medial or lateral plantar heel surface

Medial or lateral plantar heel surface

Which of the following would be consistent with pre-renal azotemia? a. BUN/Creatinine ratio >20:1 with elevated creatinine b. Increased creatinine clearance c. BUN/Creatinine ratio >20:1 with normal creatinine d. BUN/Creatinine ratio <10:1

BUN/Creatinine ratio >20:1 with normal creatinine

Which of the following cells synthesize C-reactive protein? a. C cells of the thyroid b. Endothelial cells c. Hepatocytes d. Plasma cells

Hepatocytes

The following Westgard control rules detect random error EXCEPT: a. 12S b. R4S c. 22S d. 13S

22S

A patient presenting with symptoms of jaundice, hepatic pain, and chalkyappearing stools had the following laboratory values: elevated conjugated bilirubin, ALP, and GGT. These \ndings are most likely due to: a. Hemolytic anemia b. Cholestasis due to gallstones c. Ineffective erythropoiesis d. Reye syndrome

Cholestasis due to gallstones

The level of alpha-fetoprotein in serum from a nonpregnant patient can be used to detect which of the following? a. Myocardial infarction b. Neural tube defects c. Hepatocellular carcinoma d. Emphysema

Hepatocellular carcinoma

Which of the following is NOT true about conjugated bilirubin? a. Elevated in obstructive jaundice b. Water-soluble c. Excreted in urine d. Assayed in the presence of accelerator

Excreted in urine

Which of the following represents the light chain of class I major histocompatibility complex? a. Serum amyloid A b. β2-microglobulin c. Bence-Jones protein d. Complement C3

Bence-Jones protein

Which of the following is the reference method for protein based on the measurement of nitrogen content? a. Kjeldahl method b. Biuret method c. Folin-Ciocalteau (Lowry) method d. Ninhydrin method

Kjeldahl method

Which of the following is measured in the UV method for uric acid? a. Increase in absorbance of NADH at 340 nm b. Decrease in absorbance of allantoin at 293 nm c. Decrease in absorbance of NAD at 340 nm d. Increase in absorbance of allantoin at 293 nm

Decrease in absorbance of allantoin at 293 nm

The densitometric pattern typical of nephrotic syndrome and protein-losing enteropathy shows ____________ albumin and _____________ α2 peaks. a. Increased, increased b. Decreased, decreased c. Decreased, increased d. Increased, decreased

Decreased, increased

Which of the following statements regarding creatinine methods is incorrect? a. The kinetic Jaffe method prevents interference by non-creatinine chromogens. b. The reference values for Jaffe method are higher than those for enzymatic methods. c. Reaction of creatinine with alkaline picrate without adsorbent is highly specifc. d. Fuller’s earth reagent improves the speci\city of the Jaffe reaction

Reaction of creatinine with alkaline picrate without adsorbent is highly specifc.

CC practice test Flashcards

(100 cards)