bacterial diseases Flashcards
(12 cards)
What type of pathogen is salmonella food poisoning caused by?
bacteria Salmonella
What is Salmonella one of the key global causes of?
1 of 4 key global causes of diarrhoeal diseases
How is Salmonella transmitted?
-food poisoning spread by bacteria ingested in food
-spread by food prepared in unhygienic conditions
-spread through eating contaminated food that is undercooked or raw e.g. poultry eggs, meat and untreated mill and dairy products
-can also be spread by an infected person e.g. through inadequate had washing after using the WC and/or during food handling
What are the symptoms of Salmonella?
-most cases of salmonellosis are mild, however
-sometimes can be life-threatening
-diarrhoe
-stomach ramps
fever
vomiting
all caused by toxins Salmonella bacteria secrete
What is the treatment for Salmonella?
-no cure
-in severe cases, intravenous fluids used to keep someone hydrated and antibiotics used
most cases rest and drinking fluid is sufficient
How can the spread of Salmonella be prevented/controlled?
-vaccinate poultry against Salmonella to control its spread
-good personal hygiene - wash hands after using toilet / being sick
-wash hands before preparing/handling food
do not prepare food whilst infected
-isolate yourself- disinfect clothes/surfaces
do not share utensils/cutlery/towels
What type of pathogen is gonorrhoea caused by?
caused by bacteria Gonorrhoea
What does gonorrhoea cause?
-can cause infections in genitals, rectum and throat
-very common infections esp. among young. people ages 15-24
How is gonorrhoea transmitted?
-it’s an STD - transmitted through sexual contact
-pregnant woman with gonorrhoea can give infection to baby during birth
What are the symptoms of gonorrhoea?
-burning sensation when urinating
-thick white, yellow, or green discharge from vagina or penis
-men: painful or swollen testicles
-women: vaginal bleeding between periods
What is the treatment for gonorrhoea?
-caused by a bacteria and easily treated with the antibiotic penicillin until many resistant strains appear
How can the spread of gonorrhoea be controlled/prevented?
-by being in a long-tern nuptially monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and has negative STD test results
-use of barrier method of contraception e.g. using latex condoms correctly during sexual intercourse
-can also be controlled through use of treatment by antibiotics
-abstinence
-wash hands after urinating
