Flashcards in Bacterial Infections Deck (44)
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1
Tx for neonatal profylaxis of gonorrhea and chlamydia
Erythromycin ointment
2
Tx for bacterial conjunctivitis
Gentamycin, Tobramycin (Aminoglycosides)
or
Azithromycin (Macrolide)
or
Bactrim (sulfa)
**ADR, corneal ulcer** Interacts w SILVER
or
Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, etc (Fluoro)
**ADR, photophobia**
3
Tx for acute otitis externa
1. Acetic Acid (mild)
2. Polymyxin B / Neomycin Drops
4
Tx chronic otitis externa
Polymyxin B / Neomycin drops
5
Tx for "malignant " otitis externa - usually caused by pseudomonas, DM patients more prone - infection has spread to surrounding tissue / bone
Medical emergency, IV antibiotics and debridement
6
1st line Tx for Acute Otitis Media
Amoxacillin
Augmentin with resistance
7
PCN allergic Tx for acute otitis media
Cefdinir or Ceftriaxone
If anaphylaxis Rx >> Macrolide (Clarithro, Azithro)
8
Gonorrhea and Chlamydia, treating togehter
Ceftriaxone IM + Azithromycin
9
Nasal decolonization of MRSA
Mupirocin
10
Tx for bacterial sinusitis, 1st line and PCN allergic
1. Augmentin (after 2 weeks of sinusitis)
PCN allergic: Cephalsporin (Cefdinir, Ceftriaxone)
if Analphylactic allergic: Macrolide (Clarithro, Azithro)
11
1st line Tx Strep Pharyngitis
Augmentin
or
Amoxiicllin / Ampicillin
or
Pen VK **black hairy tongue**
12
Tx for PCN allergic, Strep Pharyngitis
Cephalosporins
1st gen: Ceph-alexin, Ceph-adroxil, Cef-azolin
2nd gen: Cef-prozil, Cef-otetan, Cef-uroxime
3rd gen: Ceftriaxone?
4th gen: Cefepime
5th gen: Ceftaroline (MRSA)
13
1st line Tx for CAP, outpatient, no use of abx in the past 3 months
(Most like S. pneumonia)
1. Azithromycin, Clarithromycin, Erythromycin (Macrolides)
14
1st line Tx for CAP, outpatient, WITH CHRONIC DZ or use of and in past 3 months
1. Respiratory Fluoroquinolone
Moxifloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Levofloxacin
15
2nd line Tx for CAP, outpatient, WITH CHRONIC DZ or use of abx in past 3 months
Amoxicillin / Augmentin + Azithro or Clarithro
PCN allergic:
Ceftriaxone + Azithro or Clarithro
16
1st line Tx for CAP INPATIENT, non-ICU
**also good for PCN allergic**
Moxi, Levo, Gemi (resp fluoroquinolone)
**also good for PCN allergic**
17
2nd Line Tx for CAP INPATIENT, non-ICU
(same as 2nd line CAP outpatient w chronic dz)
Amoxicillin / Augmentin + Azithro or Clarithro
PCN allergic:
Cetriaxone + Azithro or Clarithro
18
1st line Tx for CAP, INPATIENT ICU
Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone, Ampicillin + Levo, Moxi, Gemi
PCN allergic: AZTREONAM + Levo, Moxi, gemi
19
Notable ADR of Fluoroquinolones
Joint cartilage injury in kids <16 yrs
20
Tx for known pseudomonas infection
Levofloxacin + B Lactam + Gentamycin (Aminoglycoside)
21
Fluoroquinalones interact with what common OTC medication
Antacids! (Mg, Ca)
Separate dose by 2 hours
22
Fluoroquinolone MOA
Inhibit DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV (X DNA)
23
1st line HAP Tx, no MDR risks, not recent abc use
Levofloxacin
24
1st line HAP Tx, MRSA or mortality risks
Levofloxacin + LINEZOLID or VANCOMYCIN
25
Pertussis Tx, 1st line
Clarithromycin
26
Pertussis Tx, 2nd line
Sulfa Trimethoprime
27
Sulfonamide MOAs
Inhibits biosynthesis of bacterial nucleic acids and proteins (X DNA)
Bacteriocidal
28
Macrolide MOAs
Inhibit protein synthesis by binding 50 S ribosome (X DNA)
Bacteriostatic
29
Macrolides and P450
Azithromycin is NOT a P450
Erithro and Clarithro P450!! -
show up in Breast Milk and Cross Placenta
30
1st line for sepsis caused by Community Acquired Pneumonia, Skin and Soft Tissue Disease and Meningitis
Vancomycin
1. with Levo for CAP
2. with Ceftriaxone, Ampicillin, and Dexamethasone for Meningitis
3. Piperacillin or tazobactam for STD
31
1st line for sepsis caused by Intra-abdominal infections, Pelvic or UTI
Piperacillin or Tazobactam
with Gentamycin
32
Gonorrhea Tx
1st line: Ceftriaxone with Azithromycin (presumptive tx of chlamydia too)
33
Ceftriaxone IM - the shot MUST be given with what??
LIDOCAINE - very painful IM shot
34
1st line Lyme Disease Tx
Doxycycline
or Amoxicillin / Ampicillin
35
Notable Doxycycline ADRs and warnings
Teeth discoloration
Black tongue
Preg D
DON'T TAKE W DAIRY
36
Perioperative Prophylaxis
CEFAZOLIN (1st gen cef)
37
1st line Tx Uncomplicated UTI
(Absence of fever, flank pain, or other
suspicion for pyelonephritis
Able to take oral medication)
Sulfa Trimethoprime
(avoid if used recently for UTI or if known resistance)
or
Nitrofurantoin
or
Fosfomycin
38
Pyelonephritis or Complicated UTI
Ciprofloxacin
Levofloxacin
(unless there is known community resistance)
39
Black Box warning for Fluoroquinalones
Tendon issues, esp in adolescents
40
1st line Tx ,Bacterial Vaginitis
Metronidazole
41
Metronidazole ADRs and warnings
Metallic taste
Alcohol toxicity, into with Disulfiram
NO USE IN 1ST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY
42
2nd line Tx, Bacterial vaginitis (if early preg or alcoholic)
Clindamycin
43
1st line Tx Oncomycosis
Efinaconazole
44