bacterial pneumonias Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in bacterial pneumonias Deck (32)
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0
Q

etiologies of atypical bacterial pneumonia (3)

A

C. pneumoniae
M. pneumoniae
Legionella pnemo

1
Q

etiologies of typical pneumonias (4)

A

S. pneumo
H. influenzae
Klebsiella pneumo
S. aureus

2
Q

Pneumococcus characteristics (4)

A

a-hemolytic colonies (greenish)
optochin sensitivity
nonstaining capsules
encapsulated strains are virulent

3
Q

pneumococcus binding (2)

A

pili: stick to target cells

surface proteins: choline binding proteins, interact w/ carbohydrates

4
Q

pneumococcus virulence factors (5)

A
IgA protease
hydrogen peroxide
PPG-teichoic acid
pneumolysin
autolysin
5
Q

pathognomic for pneumococcus

A

rust colored sputum

6
Q

diagnostic tests for pneumococcus (4)

A

Bile solubility test
Quellung
Agglutination test
genetic probe

7
Q

pathologic finding of klebsiella

A

necrotic destruction of alveolar spaces

8
Q

klebsiella pathognomic

A

currant jelly sputum

9
Q

klebsiella CXR finding

A

cavitation

10
Q

klebsiella virulence factor & function

A

polysaccharide capsule- antiphagocytic

11
Q

where does klebsiella usually occur?

A

upper lobes

12
Q

Mycoplasma pneumoniae characteristics (3)

A

lack cell walls
pleomorphic in shape
fried egg appearance in culture

13
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae disease presentation

A

nonproductive cough 1-2 mo., fever, crackles, headache, chest pain

14
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae pathology process

A

blocks mucociliary elevator

adheres to epitheliam –> releases H2O2, damaging it –> colonization of the airways

15
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae reservoir & transmission

A

humans

person-to-person via respiratory droplets

16
Q

mycoplasma diagnostics (3)

A

patchy infiltrates on CXR
sputum culture
cold agglutination assay: detects IgM

17
Q

Legionella virulence factors

A

B-lactamase producer

18
Q

Legionella diagnostics

A

BCYE medium

rapid antigen in urine

19
Q

Legionella morphology (3)

A

pleomorphic G-
fimbrae
single polar flagellum

20
Q

Haemophilus influenzae virulence factors (5)

A
lipooligosaccharide
polyribosylribitol phosphate
neuraminidase
IgA protease
fimbriae
21
Q

which strain of H. influenzae is virulent: capsule or non?

A

both

22
Q

function of polyribosylribitol phosphate

A

renders resistant to phagocytosis by PMNs

23
Q

result of secretion of LOS by hemophilus influenzae?

A

loss of cilia, inflammation, & sloughing of damaged epithelial cells

24
Q

diagnostics for H. influenzae (5)

A
gram stain
serological testing for capsule
catalase +
oxidase +
latex agglutination test
25
Q

H. influenzae colonies

A

pale grey or transparent colonies

blood agar- satellite growth

26
Q

P. aeruginosa virulence factors (6)

A
pyocyanin
Exotoxin A
Elastases
Pili, Alginate
LPS
27
Q

function of pyocyanin in P. aeruginosa

A

ROS production

28
Q

exotoxin A function in P. aeruginosa (3)

A

inhibition of protein synthesis

causes ciliastasis & immunosuppression

29
Q

Alginate function in P. aeruginosa (3)

A

adherence
inhibits mucociliary elevator
antiphagocytic glycocalyx

30
Q

results of LPS secretion in P. aeruginosa (4)

A

pyogenicity
shock
DIC
tissue necrosis

31
Q

diagnosis of P. aeruginosa (5)

A
Blood
MAC agar
water-soluble green-blue pigment
fruity smell
need sensitivities for tx