bacterial pneumonias

Question 0

etiologies of atypical bacterial pneumonia (3)

Answer 0

C. pneumoniae
M. pneumoniae
Legionella pnemo

Question 1

etiologies of typical pneumonias (4)

Answer 1

S. pneumo
H. influenzae
Klebsiella pneumo
S. aureus

Question 2

Pneumococcus characteristics (4)

Answer 2

a-hemolytic colonies (greenish)
optochin sensitivity
nonstaining capsules
encapsulated strains are virulent

Question 3

pneumococcus binding (2)

Answer 3

pili: stick to target cells

surface proteins: choline binding proteins, interact w/ carbohydrates

Question 4

pneumococcus virulence factors (5)

Answer 4

IgA protease
hydrogen peroxide
PPG-teichoic acid
pneumolysin
autolysin

Question 5

pathognomic for pneumococcus

Answer 5

rust colored sputum

Question 6

diagnostic tests for pneumococcus (4)

Answer 6

Bile solubility test
Quellung
Agglutination test
genetic probe

Question 7

pathologic finding of klebsiella

Answer 7

necrotic destruction of alveolar spaces

Question 8

klebsiella pathognomic

Answer 8

currant jelly sputum

Question 9

klebsiella CXR finding

Answer 9

cavitation

Question 10

klebsiella virulence factor & function

Answer 10

polysaccharide capsule- antiphagocytic

Question 11

where does klebsiella usually occur?

Answer 11

upper lobes

Question 12

Mycoplasma pneumoniae characteristics (3)

Answer 12

lack cell walls
pleomorphic in shape
fried egg appearance in culture

Question 13

mycoplasma pneumoniae disease presentation

Answer 13

nonproductive cough 1-2 mo., fever, crackles, headache, chest pain

Question 14

mycoplasma pneumoniae pathology process

Answer 14

blocks mucociliary elevator

adheres to epitheliam –> releases H2O2, damaging it –> colonization of the airways

Question 15

mycoplasma pneumoniae reservoir & transmission

Answer 15

humans

person-to-person via respiratory droplets

Question 16

mycoplasma diagnostics (3)

Answer 16

patchy infiltrates on CXR
sputum culture
cold agglutination assay: detects IgM

Question 17

Legionella virulence factors

Answer 17

B-lactamase producer

Question 18

Legionella diagnostics

Answer 18

BCYE medium

rapid antigen in urine

Question 19

Legionella morphology (3)

Answer 19

pleomorphic G-
fimbrae
single polar flagellum

Question 20

Haemophilus influenzae virulence factors (5)

Answer 20

lipooligosaccharide
polyribosylribitol phosphate
neuraminidase
IgA protease
fimbriae

Question 21

which strain of H. influenzae is virulent: capsule or non?

Answer 21

both

Question 22

function of polyribosylribitol phosphate

Answer 22

renders resistant to phagocytosis by PMNs

Question 23

result of secretion of LOS by hemophilus influenzae?

Answer 23

loss of cilia, inflammation, & sloughing of damaged epithelial cells

Question 24

diagnostics for H. influenzae (5)

Answer 24

``` gram stain serological testing for capsule catalase + oxidase + latex agglutination test ```

Question 25

H. influenzae colonies

Answer 25

pale grey or transparent colonies | blood agar- satellite growth

Question 26

P. aeruginosa virulence factors (6)

Answer 26

``` pyocyanin Exotoxin A Elastases Pili, Alginate LPS ```

Question 27

function of pyocyanin in P. aeruginosa

Answer 27

ROS production

Question 28

exotoxin A function in P. aeruginosa (3)

Answer 28

inhibition of protein synthesis | causes ciliastasis & immunosuppression

Question 29

Alginate function in P. aeruginosa (3)

Answer 29

adherence inhibits mucociliary elevator antiphagocytic glycocalyx

Question 30

results of LPS secretion in P. aeruginosa (4)

Answer 30

pyogenicity shock DIC tissue necrosis

Question 31

diagnosis of P. aeruginosa (5)

Answer 31

``` Blood MAC agar water-soluble green-blue pigment fruity smell need sensitivities for tx ```