protozoa & helminths Flashcards Preview

Microbiology I > protozoa & helminths > Flashcards

Flashcards in protozoa & helminths Deck (51)
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0
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides (description)

A

largest intestinal nematode of humans

1
Q

Enterobius vermicularis

A

Pinworm

2
Q

largest intestinal nematode of humans

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

3
Q

Enterobius vermicularis transmission

A

person-to-person

bedding/clothing

4
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides transmission

A

contaminated soil

5
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides disease presentation (2)

A

intestinal due to blockage

pulm: Loeffler’s syndrome

6
Q

Trichuris trichiura

A

whipworm

7
Q

Trichuris trichiura transmission

A

contaminated soil

8
Q

Trichuris trichiura disease (4)

A

asymptomatic
frequent painful passage of stools w/ mucus, water, & blood
rectal prolapse
malabsorption- growth retardation, anemia

9
Q

Necator americanus & Ancylostoma duodenale

A

hookworms

10
Q

hookworm transmission

A

inadequate disposal of human feces, eggs hatch in soil

11
Q

hookworms feed on?

A

blood from intestinal mucosa

12
Q

hookworm disease? (2)

A

blood-filled, pruritic lesions at site of larval penetration

anemia

13
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis

A

threadworms

14
Q

Strongyloides stercoralis reproduction

A

2 multiplication cycles: in host or in soil

15
Q

strongyloides stercoralis disease (3)

A

related to larval migration
GI: diarrhea, constipation, malabsorption
Autoinfection

16
Q

Clonorchis sinensis

A

Chinese liver fluke

17
Q

Clonorchis sinensis transmission

A

ingestion of larvae in improperly prepared fish

Far East

18
Q

Clonorchis sinensis site of infection in humans

A

bilary ducts

19
Q

Taenia solium & Taenia saginata

A

Tapeworms

20
Q

Taenia solium infects?

A

pork

21
Q

Taenia saginata infects?

A

beef

22
Q

only definitive hosts of Taenia

A

Humans

23
Q

Taenia transmission

A

poorly cooked meat

24
Q

Taenia severe disease presentation?

A

Cysticercosis- infection travels in blood, can cause seizures & blindness

25
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum

A

fish tapeworm

26
Q

Cysticercosis is associated with what helminth?

A

Taenia

27
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum disease

A

asymptomatic, pernicious anemia

28
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum reproduction (2)

A

eggs are released singly, not in proglottids

eggs develop & hatch in water

29
Q

watery diarrhea, no blood

can be an STI

A

Giardia

30
Q

Giardia transmission

A

feces in water

31
Q

additional signs of Giardia besides pooping (3)

A

intestinal pain
anorexia
Vitamin B12 deficiency

32
Q

bloody diarrhea that can be an STI

A

amebiasis

33
Q

Amebiasis causative organism?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

34
Q

Entamoeba histolytica trophozoite

A

ameboid w/ 1 nucleus

35
Q

Entamoeba histolytica cyst

A

4 nuclei

36
Q

end result of acute amoebic colitis

A

ulcers, RUQ pain

37
Q

RUQ pain that mimics appendicitis is caused by?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

38
Q

Entamoeba histolytica virulence factors

A

lectin
phospholipase
amebapore
cysteine proteases

39
Q

Cryptosporidiosis disease

A

self-limiting diarrheal illness in healthy individuals

40
Q

Cryptosporidium reproduction (3 things)

A

doesn’t multiply outside of the host
oocytes are the infectious stage
both asexual & sexual cycles in the host

41
Q

parasitophorus vacuole

A

Cryptosporidium

42
Q

Cryptosporidium transmission (2)

A

cow –> human

STI

43
Q

large, round, acid-fast oocyte associated with which infection?

A

cryptosporidium

44
Q

causative organism of Cyclosporiasis

A

Cyclospora cayetanensis

45
Q

has large, autofluorescent oocyst

A

Cyclospora

46
Q

Cyclosporiasis disease associated w/?

A

contaminated water & imported foods

47
Q

cyclospora disease

A

explosive, non-bloody diarrhea, profound fatigue

48
Q

acid-fast positive, autofluorescent oocyte

A

cyclospora

49
Q

protozoa w/ large central vacuole & multiple nuclei around rim of cytoplasm

A

Blastocystis hominis

50
Q

microbe of the large intestine
zoonotic- from pigs
contains macronucleus

A

Balantidium coli