Baroque Architecture

Question 1

An italian sculptor/architect known as the father of Baroque art and sculpted majority of the ornaments at the St. Peter’s Basilica

Answer 1

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Question 2

The architect behind San Carlino (San Carlo alle Quatro Fontane)

Answer 2

Francesco Borromini

Question 3

When did Baroque Architecture emerge?

Answer 3

During the Counter-Reformation of the Catholic Church (17th and first half of the 18th Century)

Question 4

When did Rococo Architecture emerge?

Answer 4

18th Century

Question 5

“Barroco/Barocco/Barrueco/Baroque” means?

Answer 5

Oddly/irregularly shaped pearl

Question 6

Where did Baroque Architecture originate?

Answer 6

Italy

Question 7

What event in England gave builders the chance to the alter the country’s style into Baroque which only survived until the 18th century?

Answer 7

The Great Fire of London in 1666

Question 8

What is the defining characteristic of Baroque Architecture?

Answer 8

Use of visual arts (painting, sculpting, architecture) to convey a message

Question 9

What materials are used in Baroque buildings?

Answer 9

Stones and Bricks; Limestone and colored Granites in particular

Question 10

Architects in Sicily, Italy created much more massive structures in comparison to those on the Italian Mainland for what climatic reason?

Answer 10

Residents in Sicily receive over 1000 more hours of sunshine, affecting the materials used in building

Question 11

The Counter Reformation started with the opening of the Council of ________ and ended with the ___________

Answer 11

Council of Trent ; 30-year War

Question 12

The _______ and ________ started the Baroque Movement

Answer 12

Jesuits and Spaniards

Question 13

The 30-year war drove conflict between _______ and _______

Answer 13

Catholic and Protestants

Question 14

The 30-year war delayed the arrival of Baroque architecture to which country?

Answer 14

Germany

Question 15

Baroque developed in Rome thanks to which religious figure?

Answer 15

Pope Alexander VII

Question 16

What are the Phases of Baroque?

Answer 16

• Early Baroque
• High Baroque
• Late Baroque/Rococo

Question 17

This period of Baroque was meant to rebel against the somber style of Protestants via contrasting elements, visual illusions, and use of imagery

Answer 17

Early Baroque

Question 18

The most prominent patron of Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Answer 18

Pope Urban VIII

Question 19

Chief Papal Architect after the death of Carlo Maderno in 1629

Answer 19

Gian Lorenzo Bernini

Question 20

Who built the Santa Maria Della Salute in Venice?

Answer 20

Baldassare Longhena

Question 21

Home of Pope Urban VIII

Answer 21

Barberini Palace

Question 22

Who built the Santi Luca e Matina in Rome?

Answer 22

Pietro Da Cortona

Question 23

The most influential architects during the High Baroque Era

Answer 23

Gian Lorenzo Bernini and Francesco Borromini

Question 24

What made Borromini different from the other artists at the time?

Answer 24

He based his designs on geometric figures rather than bodily proportions

Question 25

The shape/figure prominent in Baroque architecture is usually?

Answer 25

Ovals (concave/convex shapes)

Question 26

"San Carlo alle Quatro Fontane" translates to?

Answer 26

Saint Charles at the Four Fountains

Question 27

"Rocaille" in French means ______

Answer 27

A popular form of garden/ornamentation using pebbles

Question 28

An artistic style that developed in 18th century Paris, seeking to renew art in a graceful yet playful manner, using light colors and ornaments. It was heavily influenced by Classical and Renaissance Architecture.

Answer 28

Rococo

Question 29

What are the characteristics of Baroque Architecture?

Answer 29

- Dramatic and ornate - Curvilinear forms - Use of light and shadow - Monumental Facades - Symmetry and Balance - Uses Classical orders - Displays shapes of Nature (Leaves, shells, scrolls, floral elements) -

Question 30

Illusionistic ceiling paintings

Answer 30

Quadratura

Question 31

The term used to define an oval or oblong design with ornaments

Answer 31

Cartouche

Question 32

Mirrors are a prominent element in Baroque architecture for what reason?

Answer 32

To give an impression of depth and greater space

Question 33

What artistic technique creates a strong contrast of light and dark in Baroque art and architecture?

Answer 33

Chiaroscuro

Question 34

Highly realistic optical illusions of 3D space on a 2D surface (e.g., ceilings painted to look like the sky)

Answer 34

Trompe I'oeil

Question 35

Spiraling columns resembling a corkscrew

Answer 35

Solomonic columns (also known as Barley-Sugar columns)

Question 36

The (interior/exterior?) of Rococo buildings are simple

Answer 36

Exterior

Question 37

The (interior/exterior?) of Rococo buildings are dominated by ornamentations

Answer 37

Interior

Question 38

What is the main difference between Baroque and Rococo?

Answer 38

Baroque is generally seen as grand and majestic, focusing on drama and emotion, while Rococo is more whimsical and playful by focusing more on lightness.