Romanesque Architecture

Question 1

_____-based architecture from Northern Italy inspired the birth of Romanesque Architecture in Southern Europe, both in terms of aethetic and stability.

Answer 1

BRICK-based architecture (or Lombard brick construction) originated in Northern/Central Europe by the Lombards (tribe). Brick became the primary building material in Northern Italy as quarried stone was rare.

Question 2

What century did Romanesque Architecture develop?

Answer 2

9th-12th century in Western Europe

Question 3

What are the local materials used in Romanesque Architecture?

Answer 3

Stone, Brick, Marble, Terracotta

Question 4

(Northern or Southern?) Romanesque Architecture had enlarged window openings and high pitched roofs to throw off rain and snow

Answer 4

Northern

Question 5

(Northern or Southern?) Romanesque Architecture had smaller window openings and flat roofs to minimize the shade of the sun

Answer 5

Southern

Question 6

Who was the first Holy Roman Emperor after the fall of the Roman Empire, coronated by the Pope (around 800 AD)? He encouraged the building of churches and monasteries using masonry.

Answer 6

Charlemagne

Question 7

This dynasty/royal family ruled Europe, with Charlemagne being one of its famed ruler. It is from the Latin word “Carolus”, meaning “Charles”

Answer 7

Carolingian (Dynasty)

Question 8

What do you call Romanesque Architecture in Britain?

Answer 8

Norman

Question 9

What was the trending style in Germany during the architectural era of Romanesque in Europe?

Answer 9

Ottoman

Question 10

Means “Roman-like Art”

Answer 10

Romanesque

Question 11

What are the characteristics of Romanesque Architecture?

Answer 11

• Blocky, earthbound appearance
• Large, simple geometric masses
• Arcuated construction (bent/curved)

Question 12

What can be found at the cornice of a Romanesque structure?

Answer 12

Corbel table (or corbelleza arches?? di ko sure malabo ppt ni maam iba naman nasa im at online) and Blind arches

Question 13

A capital resembling a cushion that is pressed down because of a weight.

Answer 13

Cushion Capital

Question 14

A capital where each lunette is divided into several truncated cones.

Answer 14

Scalloped Capital

Question 15

What are the types of Round arches in Romanesque architecture?

Answer 15

• Semi-circular
• Segmented
• Stilted
• Horseshoe

Question 16

The creation of this feature in churches helped accomodate the growing population of pilgrims that visit.

Answer 16

(Ambulatories) are aisles/walking spaces.

Question 17

Also called a Romanesque portal, it is a stone slab above the the door and within the inner arch.

Answer 17

Tympanum

Question 18

What type of vaults did this type of architecture have?

Answer 18

Groin and Barrel (vaults)

Question 19

Romanesque churches were also known for their undergound ________.

Answer 19

Crypts/Vaults

Question 20

This part of Italy had ornamental facades, marble facing, with roofs that had bright coloring, and arcades in several stories.

Answer 20

Central Italy

Question 21

In this part of Italy, churches had wide and flat facades, rose windows, and buttresses.

Answer 21

North Italy

Question 22

Romanesque structures in this part of Italy were heavily inspired by the Byzantine

Answer 22

South Italy

Question 23

The most renowned Romanesque churches in Milan out of brick.

Answer 23

• San Lorenzo
• San Simpliciano

Question 23

Give an example of Romanesque Architecture in NORTH Italy

Answer 23

• San Zeno Maggiore
• San Michele, Pavia
• San Antonino
• San Ambrogio
• The Baptisery (Parma or Cremona)

Question 23

Give an example of Romanesque Architecture in CENTRAL Italy

Answer 23

- Pisa Cathedral, Baptisery, Campanile - San Giovanno - San Miniato - Pistoia Cathedral - San Paolo Fuori le Mura - San Martino - San Michele, Lucca

Question 23

A block resting on top of a column

Answer 23

Dosseret

Question 24

Give an example of Romanesque Architecture in SOUTHERN Italy

Answer 24

- Monreale Cathedral - La Martorana - San Cataldo - San Nicolo

Question 25

Which cultural factor contributed to the emergence of the Romanesque style?

Answer 25

Rise of feudalism and pilgrimage

Question 26

What is the typical layout of a Romanesque church?

Answer 26

Latin cross plan