Barriers To Participation Flashcards
(27 cards)
Define inclusiveness…
Having the right to equal opportunities according to their needs, but not necessarily participating together
What is “disability sport”?
Includes people with PHYSICAL, MENTAL and SENSORY impairment
What are the two organisations set up for disability?
English Federation of Disability Sports (EFDS)
Disability Sport England
Barriers to disability participation:
- not enough sports adapted
- funding
- cost of equipment
- teaching assistance
- time
- less equipment
- not enough participants for club
- media / role models
- transport
- lack of knowledge
- stereotypes
- parental attitudes (no support)
- discrimination
Solutions to barriers for disability:
- increase funding
- support organisations - EFDS, NGBs
- having another role (coach)
- increase teachers knowledge of sports adaptation
- specialised coaches
- change discriminative views (education)
- emphasis on role models
- equal rights/legislation
- more promotion/media
Socio-economic barriers:
- travel cost
- subscription cost
- club fees
- socio-economic status
- clothing and equipment costs
Socio-economic solutions:
- free sporting facilities at work
- lower equipment cost
- discount on memberships
- discount sports clothing
- free entrance during certain times
- free trial
- discount during off peak hours
What is a ‘stereotype’?
A belief or assumption about individuals based on their membership in social groups e.g. All Indians are good at cricket
What is a ‘prejudice’?
Negative feelings about others because of their membership in a social group e.g. White men can’t jump
What is ‘discrimination’?
Behaviour directed against persons because of their membership in a social group
Define ‘race’
The physical characteristics of an individual (skin colour)
Define ‘racism’
A belief in superiority of one racial group over another (nazi belief in aryan race)
Define ‘ethnicity’
The cultural adherence of a person or group (lifestyle or religious belief)
What is racial discrimination in sport?
A person’s involvement in sport is in some ways interfere with on the basis of someone else’s prejudice about their racial type
Ethnic minority groups barriers:
Abusive chants Accessibility Discrimination Inequality Attitudes of other players/managers/coaches Channelling Racist incidents Lack of role models Lack of promotion Lack of representation Lack of funding Cultural/religious expectations
Ethnic minority solutions:
Increase funding
More ethnic minorities on county associations
More role models
Better access
Programmes for people to go to committees and management
More promotion/publicity
Equality Act
Sport England/(CRE) Commission for Racial Equality
Campaigns: Let’s kick racism out of football, hit racism for six
Define channelling
Young athletes placed into specific sports or positions based on factors such as height, speed, athleticism and race.
Assumption: if young athlete has a talent/skill that would help in a sport they must also love and want to play that sport
Define stacking:
Placing athletes into certain positions based on racial/cultural stereotypes
Define labelling:
Social processes involved in attributing positive or negative characteristics to acts, individuals or groups
Gender refers to…
…what different societies and cultures attribute as appropriate behaviour for that sex
Gender roles have social expectations (can be difficult to fight against)
Stereotype and myths developed to create barriers as well as the idealistic image of femininity
Why are gender roles and social expectations an issue in sport?
Women are under-represented at all levels of sport: Participation Positions of leadership/coaching Public recognition and media Employment
Practical barriers to female participation:
Location Domestic chores Funding Lack of money Lack of transport Personal safety
Solutions to practical barriers of female participation:
Share transport Crèche facilities in sports clubs Different payment options (flexible as possible) Equitable access during peak times Safety assessment of venue
Personal barriers to female participation:
Body image (low self-esteem)
Clothing (sexualised, revealing, unfashionable)
Equipment
Parental & adult influence (emphasis on self-comparison and comments from adults
Lack of self-confidence (competitive, choose aesthetic activities)
