Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A - RESPIHEMA > BASIC > Flashcards

BASIC Flashcards

(54 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

A

Provides oxygen for cellular metabolism and removes carbon dioxide

The respiratory system is essential for gas exchange in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the secondary functions of the respiratory system?

A
  • Sense of smell
  • Voice production
  • Maintains acid-base balance

These functions highlight the respiratory system’s additional roles beyond gas exchange.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the upper airway function in the respiratory system include?

A
  • Filters
  • Humidifies
  • Warms air

The upper airway plays a crucial role in preparing air for the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the structure of the nose in the respiratory system?

A

Lining of ciliated mucosa divided by a septum into right and left sides with olfactory receptors

The nose is key for filtering and sensing smells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the paranasal sinuses?

A
  • Frontal Sinus (biggest)
  • Ethmoid Sinus
  • Maxillary Sinus (widest)
  • Sphenoid Sinus

These sinuses help in humidifying and warming the air.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is sinusitis and what is its common cause?

A

Sinusitis is often caused by a viral infection that is self-limiting

Medications are used primarily for symptom control.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the best management for sinusitis?

A

Proper hydration

Staying hydrated can help alleviate symptoms of sinusitis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What structures does the pharynx connect?

A

Nasal cavity, oral cavity, and larynx

The pharynx serves as a passageway for air and food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the functions of the tonsils?

A

Lymphatic function and immunity

Tonsils play a role in protecting against infections.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three parts of the pharynx?

A
  • Nasopharynx - air
  • Oropharynx - air and food
  • Laryngopharynx - air

Each part of the pharynx has specific roles in respiration and digestion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Fill in the blank: The nasal passage is a part of the _____ which leads to the oral cavity and larynx.

A

pharynx

The pharynx functions as a shared pathway for air and food.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What procedures may involve the laryngopharynx?

A
  • Intubation
  • Bronchoscopy

These procedures are critical in managing airway and respiratory issues.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the larynx commonly known as?

A

Voicebox

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the terminal part of the upper airway?

A

Larynx

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the primary function of the larynx?

A

Produces voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the thyroid cartilage also known as?

A

Adams apple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of cartilage is the cricoid cartilage?

A

Signet ring cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the function of the epiglottis?

A

Lid/flap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What condition is indicated by the term epiglottitis?

A

DON’T insert anything and DON’T examine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What specific structure in the larynx produces the voice?

A

Vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the mechanism that produces voice?

A

Vibration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

During what phase does voice production occur?

23
Q

What is the primary function of the lower airway?

Study These Flashcards
A

Enables gas exchange

The lower airway is crucial for the process of respiration.

24
Q

What is another name for the trachea?

Study These Flashcards
A

Windpipe

The trachea is also known as the windpipe.

25
What shape do the smooth muscles of the trachea form?
C-shaped rings ## Footnote These rings provide structural support to the trachea.
26
How long is the trachea approximately?
10-12 cm long ## Footnote The length can vary slightly among individuals.
27
What is the function of the trachea?
Passageway of air to and from the lungs ## Footnote The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchi.
28
What are the mainstem bronchi?
Bronchi that branch from the trachea to the right lung (RL) and left lung (LL) ## Footnote They serve as the primary passageways for air entering each lung.
29
What are bronchioles?
Smaller branches off the bronchi ## Footnote They lead to the alveolar ducts.
30
What are the two types of bronchioles?
Primary and secondary ## Footnote Primary bronchioles are larger, while secondary bronchioles are smaller.
31
What is the function of alveolar ducts?
Door/gate to alveoli ## Footnote They connect bronchioles to the alveoli.
32
What are alveoli?
Respiratory unit where gas exchange takes place ## Footnote Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs.
33
How many types of accessory muscles are there?
5 types ## Footnote These muscles assist in respiration.
34
What is the function of the scalene muscles?
Elevates the first two ribs ## Footnote They help in inhalation by expanding the thoracic cavity.
35
What role does the trapezius muscle play?
Assist in shoulder movement ## Footnote It also helps in stabilizing the shoulder during respiration.
36
What is the function of the pectoralis major muscle?
Shoulder movement ## Footnote It aids in the expansion of the chest during inhalation.
37
What is the function of the sternocleidomastoid muscle?
Raises the sternum ## Footnote This muscle is involved in deep breathing.
38
What do external intercostals do?
Elevate the entire ribs ## Footnote They assist in increasing the thoracic volume during inhalation.
39
Where is the respiratory center located?
Medulla ## Footnote The medulla oblongata regulates basic rhythm of breathing.
40
Which part of the brain controls the rate and rhythm of breathing?
Pons ## Footnote The pons works in conjunction with the medulla to regulate breathing.
41
What is the role of the brainstem in respiration?
Respiratory regulator ## Footnote The brainstem integrates signals to control breathing patterns.
42
What are bronchial sounds?
Normal breath sounds associated with longer airways ## Footnote These sounds are typically heard over the trachea and bronchi.
43
What characterizes bronchovesicular sounds?
Moderate/breezy sound ## Footnote These sounds are typically heard over the major bronchi.
44
What are vesicular sounds?
Low pitched sound heard in the distal part of the alveoli ## Footnote These sounds indicate normal airflow in the alveoli.
45
What are FINE CRACKLES?
Short high-pitched bubbling sounds ## Footnote These sounds are often associated with fluid in the lungs.
46
What causes COARSE CRACKLES?
Mucus in the airways ## Footnote These sounds are low-pitched and short.
47
What is the sound characteristic of WHEEZES?
High-pitched, musical, hissing sounds ## Footnote Wheezes are typically heard during expiration.
48
What is a PLEURAL FRICTION RUB (PFR)?
Crackling, grating, squeaky, scratchy sounds ## Footnote This occurs when the pleural space and other organs rub against each other.
49
What does the term 'Cough' relate to in respiratory terms?
Mucus clearance ## Footnote A cough can be a response to irritation or obstruction in the airways.
50
What are the 3 'I's associated with abnormal lung sounds?
Infection, Inflammation, Infiltration ## Footnote Examples include PTB, pneumonia, pleuritis, tumors, and pleural effusion.
51
What are the characteristics of a high-pitched sound?
Harsh and loud ## Footnote High-pitched sounds can indicate various respiratory conditions.
52
Fill in the blank: Asthma produces _____ sounds during expiration.
wheezing
53
What are HARSH SOUNDS in respiratory assessment?
Loud and high-pitched sounds ## Footnote These sounds may indicate airway obstruction or other issues.
54
What type of breath sounds are indicative of fluid in the lungs?
FINE CRACKLES ## Footnote These sounds may be heard with conditions like heart failure or pneumonia.

A - RESPIHEMA (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions