Basics

Question 1

Pharmacodynamics

Answer 1

biochemical and physiological effect of drugs and MOA

Question 2

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 2

study of how the body absorbs, distributes, metabolizes and excretes drugs

Question 3

Clinical testing of drugs phase 1
II
III IV

Answer 3

• clinical pharmacology (small group 20-80)
• clinical investigation (larger group 100-300)
• clinical trial (largest group 1k-3k)
• post marketing studies

Question 4

1 ounce = how many ccs/ml?

Answer 4

30 ccs/ml

Question 5

1 mL = how many ccs?

Answer 5

1

Question 6

1 tsp = how many ccs?

1 tbsp =how many ccs?

Answer 6

5cc

15cc

Question 7

we prefer drugs with a ( ) TI

Answer 7

HIGH

Question 8

3 types of drug actions

Answer 8

• replacement
• interruption
• potentiation

Question 9

agonist

Answer 9

• drug that combines w/receptor and activates

- stimulates release of an endogenous chemical

Question 10

antagonist

Answer 10

-drug that combines w/receptor used by an endogenous chemical and blocks/diminishes the response

Question 11

a partial agonist has ( ) affinity but ( ) efficacy

Answer 11

high, low

Question 12

Potency

Answer 12

if the dose of drug A is less than drug B to achieve same response, A is more potent

Question 13

efficacy

Answer 13

magnitude of the maximum biologic effect

Question 14

tolerance vs dependence

Answer 14

tolerance-reduced response to same/increased dose due to change in receptor sensitivity

dependence-pt needs a drug to function normally

Question 15

most drugs pass through membranes via

Answer 15

passive diffusion

Question 16

first pass effect

Answer 16

drugs that are well absorbed in the GI tract and are metabolized by the liver have decreased bioavailability

Question 17

Drugs that are bound to anything other than a receptor are ( )

Answer 17

inactive

Question 18

the brain is highly ( )

Answer 18

lipophilic

Question 19

Phase I metabolism and main enzyme

Answer 19

non-synthetic oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis

cytochrome P450

Question 20

Phase II metabolism

Answer 20

synthetic-conjugation

Question 21

predominant CYP450 isoform

Answer 21

CYP3A4 (benzos, HIV, Ca blockers)

Question 22

most studied genetic polymorphism

Answer 22

CYP2D6 (psychotropics, codeine, beta blockers)

Question 23

the control of excreting a drug is via the

Answer 23

kidneys and is pH related

Question 24

clearance

Answer 24

rate at which the drug is eliminated from the body

Question 25

how many half lives for non-therapeutic? | out of body?

Answer 25

5 | 7

Question 26

synergism potentiation induction

Answer 26

combined effect is greater than the sum inactive drug increases effect of another one drug increases the drug-metabolizing enzyme activity of another

Question 27

``` Cat A B C D X ```

Answer 27

``` evidence safe for human animal evidence safe animal avoid, no human data animal and human avoid AVOID ```