BB Flashcards
What is the weakest adductor that is often transplanted?
Gracilis M.
What can hamstring tears damage?
Ischial tuberosity.
What happens during a hamstring tear?
Muscle fibers can contuse and bruise and then you can damage the artery supply to these muscles.
Common in athletes who do not tear.
In hamstring tears, how is the ischial tuberosity torn?
Forced flexion of the hip with your knee extended.
Ex. Kicking a soccerball
What does the popliteus m do?
Unlocks your knee by laterally rotating the femur when your tibia is stationary
Actions of the true hamstring muscles
- Extend thigh
2. Flex leg
Order of components of popliteal fossa
From superficial to deep
- Sciatic nerve
- Popliteal vein
- Popliteal Artery
NVA
What happens if we get an absess in our popliteal fossa?
Deep popliteal fascia is strong and does not like to expand.
An absess here is bad; spreads superiorly–> inferiorly.
Where can we find the popliteal pulse?
Hard to find.
Person must lay prone with their knee flexed to relax the fascia. The pulse will be at the inferior part of the fossa
If the popliteal pulse is weak, what can this indicate?
Femoral artery obstruction
What can happen because of a popliteal aneurism?
It can stretch the nerve or compress the blood supply because the artery is DEEP to the tibial n.
Pain from the compression will be referred to the skin on the [calf, ankle, foot]
Pain on the calf, ankle or foot can be due to what?
Referred pain from the popliteal nerve.
FX of the DISTAL femur or dislocations of the knee will damage the
POPLITEAL ARTERY
Damage to tibial nerve
paralysis of flexor muscles in leg and muscles on the sole of the foot;
Thus, cannot plantarflex or flex toes!
Loss of sensation on toes
Describe the mechanisms that permit venous return of blood from the leg, as well as the consequences of failure in these mechanisms.
The Crural Fascia forces contraction of muscles inwards, rather than outward. This acts as a pump for the veins of the leg. In elderly populations, where the Crural Fascia is less dense, one can see edema in the lower legs.
Inability to plantar flex is due to
damage to tibial n
What causes the pain and edema in the distal 2/3 of the tibia in shin splints?
This is due to microtrauma of the TIBIALIS ANTERIOR M.
Causes small tears in the periosteum that cover the tibia.
Shin splints are a mild form of what?
Anterior compartment syndrome
When do shin splints commonly occur
Overexertion of muscles in anterior compartment by people who are untrained or sedentary or trained who do not warm up right.
Muscles in the anterior compartment will swell from sudden oversue and reduce flow.
Containment and Spread of Infection in the Leg
The fascia compartments in the lower limb are closed spaced that end at the proximal and distal ends of joints.
Becaise the fascia of the leg is thick and strong, the formation of pus will create intracompartmental pressure.
Inflammations in the anterior and posterior compartments of the legs spread in what direction?
DISTAL direction
