BCCB2000 Lecture 1 Questions Flashcards
(23 cards)
Which of the following would be an application of biochemistry? A. frying a chicken egg B. going to the pathologists for a blood test for glucose C. discovering how one type of aquaporin molecule transports water faster than another type of aquaporin in a rubber tree. D. making polyvinyl chloride (PVC) from vinyl chloride in the laboratory E. a cup of tea tasts sweet after adding the artificial sweetner aspartame
A, B, C, E
Molecules from living cells cannot be synthesized outside of living cells. True or False?
False
All cells have kept the same general patterns of metabolism, a very similar genetic code and the same monomers or residues. True or False?
True
The word ‘logic’ in the phrase ‘molecular logic of life’ means that life is a thinking and conscious organism. True or False?
False
Fermentation in the absence of cells demonstrated that metabolic processes were chemical in nature. True or False?
True
Thermodynamics and its laws are obeyed by living cells. True or False
True
Which elements account for more than 97% of the weight of most organisms? A. C, H, N, Mg, O, S B. C, H, N, O, P, S C. C, H, N D. Fe, C, H, O, P E. Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg 2+, Cl-
B
Classify each of the following statements as a clear example of the structure-function paradigm (Yes) or not an example (No). You should enter either Yes or No into the blank space immediately following the statement. A. cis-maleic acid has exactly the same molecular formula as trans-maleic acid but they have different chemical properties. [a] B. D-phenylalanine tastes sweet but L-phenylalanine tastes bitter [b] C. galactose has a hydroxyl group in a different 3-D position compared than gluose. [c] D. L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine both have a phenyl ring structure but L-tyrosine has an additional hydroxyl group attached to the phenyl [d]
Specified Answer for: a yes Specified Answer for: b yes Specified Answer for: c no Specified Answer for: d no
Hereditary information (with the exception of some viruses) is preserved in: A. ribonucleic acid. B. deoxyribonucleic acid. C. proteins. D. enzymes. E. membrane structures.
B. deoxyribonucleic acid.
Label each of the following statements as A. True B. False C. This shows the comparison between molecular interaction and chemical reaction D. This shows a contrast between molecular interaction and chemical reaction You should enter one or two of the appropriate letters, without spaces, into the blank space immediately following the statement. Chemical reactions and molecular interactions involves molecules [a] Chemical reactions do not involve a change in chemical structure [b] Molecular interactions do not involve a change in molecular structure [c] Molecular transformations are essential for life [d] Chemical transformations and chemical reactions are different ways of saying the same thing [e]
Specified Answer for: a AC Specified Answer for: b B Specified Answer for: c AD Specified Answer for: d A Specified Answer for: e A
Fill in the blanks: A metablic map is a diagram of a series of [a]-catalysed [b] where the product of one reaction can be used as the source of a subsequent reaction. Essentially, a metabolic map shows a step-by-step [c] that occur when one molecule is converted to another.
Specified Answer for: a enzyme Specified Answer for: b reactions Specified Answer for: c transformation
Fill in the blanks: Macromolecule responsible for most functions in the cell is: [a] Macromolecule responsible for providing energy, cell-cell communication, and can have a branched structure is: [b] Macromolecule responsible for genetic information transfer, transcription, translation is: [c] Macromolecule responsible for large non-covalent aggregates is: [d]
Specified Answer for: a proteins Specified Answer for: b carbohydrate/polysaccharide Specified Answer for: c DNA/nucleic acids Specified Answer for: d lipids/fatty acids
The unity of life is the concept that the biochemistry of all organisms is remarkably similar despite their diversity. True or False?
True
Determine if the statement is true or false and if the reason is true or false and if it is the correct explanation. Statement: Cells have irregular shapes but often these shapes are relatively close to spheres. Many bacteria also have near spherical or cylindrical shapes. Reason: The sphere is the only geometrical shape that has an optimum surface area to volume ratio.
Statement is True; Reason is True; the reason is a correct explanation of the statement
Determine if the statement is true or false and if the reason is true or false and if it is the correct explanation. Statement: All living organisms adhere to the Central Dogma of biology. Reason: Each living organism has DNA.
Statement is True; Reason is True; the reason is an incorrect explanation of the statement
Which of the following molecules is eventually produced from transcription and then translation from DNA? A. Carbohydrate B. Protein C. Lipid D. Deoxyribonucleic acid
B. Protein
Fill in the blanks: Biochemistry is the study of [m] in organisms, including their [s], function, transformations (i.e. reactions) and [i].
Specified Answer for: m molecules Specified Answer for: s structure Specified Answer for: i interactions
Functional groups describe one or more portions of organic compounds found in living cells. True or False?
True
Which of the following are the accepted domains of life? A. Bacteria B. Animalia C. Protea D. Mamalia E. Eukarya F. Archaea
A, E, F
Classify each of the following as: A. biomolecule B. not a biomolecule C. organic chemical D. inorganic chemical Gold [a] Iron [b] Protein [c] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) [d] Sugar [e] Water [f]
Specified Answer for: a BD Specified Answer for: b BD Specified Answer for: c AC Specified Answer for: d BC Specified Answer for: e AC Specified Answer for: f AD
Determine if the statement is true or false and if the reason is true or false and if it is the correct explanation. Statement: The ‘diversity of life’ is paradoxically brought about by the ‘unity of life’. Reason: Similar biochemical reactions are used to produce a different composition of macromolecules that make an organism unique
Statement is True; Reason is True; the reason is a correct explanation of the statement
Aspartic acid is an amino acid. Aspartic acid can be manually synthesised in the laboratory and has a different structure and function from the aspartic acid synthesised by an organism. True or False?
False
“Life is distinguished by molecules in complicated structures in contrast to the relatively simple non-living structures of chemicals, elements, or even polymers. Life is necessarily complicated to respond to their environment and for their own internal organisation. Living organisms are never at equilibrium with their surroundings and so there is a constant need for living organisms to use chemical transformations to extract and use energy from their environment.” Which of the following statements are implied in the paragraph? A. The ability to change over time by gradual evolution. B. A highly organised and complex system of chemical transformations. C. The ability to self-replicate, self-assemble, and self-propagate. D. The ability to sense and respond to the environment. E. The ability to extract, transform, and use energy from the environment.
B, D, E
