BCCB2000 Lecture 15 Questions Flashcards
(37 cards)
In the metabolic ‘pool’ concept a substrate pool is essentially a source of: A. metabolites B. proteins C. NADH D. substrates E. ATP F. lipids
ALL OF THEM AHAHAHA
In the metabolic ‘pool’ concept a nutrient pool may refer to a source of: A. carbohydrates B. NADH C. proteins D. lipids E. ATP
A. carbohydrates C. proteins D. lipids
The term ‘Differential expression’ usually refers to: A. The same cells making the same proteins at the same amounts at different times B. Different cells replicating different amounts of DNA at different times C. Different cells making different proteins, or the same proteins in different amounts, at different times D. none of the above
C. Different cells making different proteins, or the same proteins in different amounts, at different times
Which one of the following options best describes aspects of the metabolome: A. the complete set of all metabolites in a particular organism at a particular time and in particular conditions. B. only applies to small molecules C. Involves synthesis, degradation, and regulation D. Also called metabonomics E. A, B, and C above F. A, C, and D above G. All of A, B, C, and D above
A. the complete set of all metabolites in a particular organism at a particular time and in particular conditions.
A. the complete set of all metabolites in a particular organism at a particular time and in particular conditions. A. only the flow of matter B. chemical reaction pathways C. only the flow of energy D. anabolic reactions
B. chemical reaction pathways D. anabolic reactions
Metabolism can be controlled in many ways some of these ways include: A. product feedback B. thermodynamics of reactions C. synthesis of enzymes D. activity of enzymes
A. product feedback B. thermodynamics of reactions C. synthesis of enzymes D. activity of enzymes
The advantages of substrate channelling include: A. slower reaction times B. more metabolic branch points C. enhanced metabolic flexibility D. faster reaction times
D. faster reaction times
One of the five general types of chemical reactions used by cells is an ‘oxidation reduction’ an example of this type of reaction is: A. glucose —> glucose 6-phosphate B. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate —> 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate C. glucose-6-phosphate —> glucose-1-phosphate D. fructose-1,6-bisphosphate —> dihydroxyacetone phosphate E. glucose-6-phosphate —> fructose-6-phosphate
B. glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate —> 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
An example of a ‘rearrangement reaction’ in metabolism is: A. glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconic acid B. glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate C. fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to diydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde -3-phosphate D. pyruvate to lactate using NAD+ E. pyruvate to acetyl CoA
B. glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate
Which of the following apply to the ‘pool concept’ of cell metabolism: A. Reactions take place at different times and places B. An equivalant physical entity always exits in the cell C. It is a way to track matter or energy in a cell D. The energy of catabolism is passed directly to anabolic reactions
A. Reactions take place at different times and places C. It is a way to track matter or energy in a cell
Biochemistry mostly uses a reductionist approach to study living organisms and this means that: A. only oxidation-reduction reactions in organisms are investigated B. all knowledge about life is reduced to the utmost simplicity C. only parts of a complete organism are studied at any one time D. biochemists try to reduce their workloads
C. only parts of a complete organism are studied at any one time
The environment, stress, disease, mutation or a drug may affect the cells of an organism by altering the expression of its proteins which then, in turn, affect metabolite composition of the cell. True or False?
True
Which of the following apply to metabolic pathways: A. Pathways can only be spontaneous when the overall standard free energy (ΔG’o) is negative B. Pathways in one organism may be used to infer the existence of a similar pathway in another organism C. Can be represented and accessed in electronic databases D. Pathways always proceed in relatively complex steps E. A particular sequence of proteins F. Different cells share similar pathways
B. Pathways in one organism may be used to infer the existence of a similar pathway in another organism C. Can be represented and accessed in electronic databases E. A particular sequence of proteins F. Different cells share similar pathways
Determine if the statement and reason are true. Does the reason support the statement? Statement: The ‘mass action effect’ refers to the effect of the concentrations of reactants and products in a chemical equilibrium. Reason: There is a direct transfer of reaction product from the active site of one enzyme to the active site of a subsequent enzyme catalysing the next step in a pathway
Statement is True; Reason is True; the reason is an incorrect explanation of the statement
Different organisms share very similar metabolic pathways True or False?
True
One of the five general types of chemical reactions used by cells is a ‘functional group transfer’ an example of this type of reaction is: A. fructose-1,6-bisphosphate —> dihydroxyacetone phosphate B. glucose-6-phosphate —> 6-phosphogluconic acid C. glucose-6-phosphate —> fructose-6-phosphate D. alanine + glycine —> alanyl-glycl E. glucose —> glucose 6-phosphate
E. glucose —> glucose 6-phosphate
The flow of metabolites through pathways over time is known as ‘flux’ which of the following are aspects of this ‘flux’: A. Some reactions in a pathway have a greater flux of metabolites than others B. Flux can differ between cells and between organisms C. Flux is constant regardless of environmental or cellular conditions D. A and B E. A, B, and C
D. A and B
A naive way to ‘test’ if a multienzyme complex is responsible for a series of chemical reactions may be to assay the reactions in a viscous buffer. Which of the following best describes the reason for this: A. the final product of the complex will be produced in the same time as in a non-viscous buffer B. the final product of the complex will be produced faster than expected in the viscous buffer C. the final product of the complex will be produced slower than expected in the viscous buffer D. the final product of the complex will be produced faster than expected in a non-viscous buffer
B. the final product of the complex will be produced faster than expected in the viscous buffer
The direct transfer of reaction product from the active site of one enzyme to the active site of a subsequent enzyme catalysing the next step in a pathway is usually called: A. substrate transfer B. channelling of substrate C. directed diffusion D. enzyme-substrate transfer
B. channelling of substrate
Determine if these statements are true 1 Different organisms share very similar metabolic pathways 2 Different cells in a multicellular organism share very similar pathways
Both statements 1 AND 2 are true
Systems biology uses more of a ‘holistic’ approach to study living organisms and this means that: A. it attempts to systematically study organisms B. only parts of a complete organism are studied at any one time C. it attempts to look at the holy and spiritual concepts of life D. it attempts to integrate the knowledge about organisms
D. it attempts to integrate the knowledge about organisms
Metabolism needs to be regulated to: A. provide particular proteins at a particular time B. prevent substrate (futile) cycles C. control the flux of metabolites D. provide all proteins at all times E. provide all enzymes at all times
A. provide particular proteins at a particular time B. prevent substrate (futile) cycles C. control the flux of metabolites
Differentiation is the process that results in: A. one tissue different from another tissue B. one tissue the same as another cell C. one cell different from another cell D. one cell the same as another cell
A. one tissue different from another tissue C. one cell different from another cell
A metabolome is the full complement of __________ of a cell
metabolites
