BCCB2000 Lecture 11 Questions Flashcards
(35 cards)
The components of a triacyglycerol include one, or more, of the following:<br></br><br></br>A. glycerol<br></br>B. fatty acid<br></br>C. sphingosine<br></br>D. phosphate
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B. fatty acid<br></br>C. sphingosine
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Which of the following statements about partial hydrogenation are correct?<br></br><br></br>A. Partial hydrogenation converts some of all of the cis double bonds in a vegetable oil to single bonds. This decreases the melting point of the lipid and makes it more ‘solid’.<br></br>B. Partial hydrogenation converts some of the trans double bonds in a vegetable oil to cis double bonds. This increases the melting point of the lipid and makes it more ‘solid’.<br></br>C. Partial hydrogenation converts some of the cis double bonds in a vegetable oil to trans double bonds. This increases the melting point of the lipid and makes it more ‘solid’.<br></br>D. Partial hydrogenation converts some of the cis double bonds in a vegetable oil to trans single bonds. This decreases the melting point of the lipid and makes it more liquid.
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C. Partial hydrogenation converts some of the cis double bonds in a vegetable oil to trans double bonds. This increases the melting point of the lipid and makes it more ‘solid’.
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Phosphatidylinositol is:<br></br><br></br>A. isoprenoids that must be obtained from the diet<br></br>B. intracellular messengers that are components of the plasma membrane<br></br>C. steroid hormones that are produced in one tissue for an effect on another tissue<br></br>D. fatty acid derivatives that act on tissues in which they are synthesised
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B. intracellular messengers that are components of the plasma membrane
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Which of the following best describes the cholesterol molecule?<br></br><br></br>A. amphipathic<br></br>B. polar, uncharged<br></br>C. nonpolar, charged<br></br>D. nonpolar, uncharged<br></br>E. polar, charged
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A. amphipathic
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Coconut oil contains only a small amount of unsaturated fat but it still has a relatively low melting point because it contains mostly:<br></br><br></br>A. long-chain fatty acids<br></br>B. cholesterol<br></br>C. polyunsaturated fats <br></br>D. short-chain fatty acids
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D. short-chain fatty acids
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Triacylglycerols cannot form lipid bilayers because they:<br></br><br></br>A. have hydrophobic tails.<br></br>B. do not have polar heads<br></br>C. cannot associate with cholesterol.<br></br>D. have polar heads.<br></br>E. cannot engage in hydrophobic interactions
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B. do not have polar heads
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Lipids can be generally classified as (more than one option may apply): <br></br><br></br>A. specific action lipids<br></br>B. tissue lipids<br></br>C. fatty lipids<br></br>D. membrane lipids<br></br>E. storage lipids<br></br>F. dietary lipids
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A. specific action lipids<br></br>D. membrane lipids<br></br>E. storage lipids
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Trans fatty acids have physical properties like those of:<br></br><br></br>A. ω-3 fatty acids<br></br>B. cis-fatty acids.<br></br>C. unsaturated fatty acids<br></br>D. saturated fatty acids
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D. saturated fatty acids
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The polar head group of cholesterol is:<br></br><br></br>A. hydroxyl group<br></br>B. choline <br></br>C. glycerol<br></br>D. steroid ring structure<br></br>E. phosphate group<br></br>F. the alkyl chain
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A. hydroxyl group
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Vitamin K is a:<br></br><br></br>A. intracellular messenger that are components of the plasma membrane<br></br>B. steroid hormone that are produced in one tissue for an effect on another tissue<br></br>C. isoprenoid that must be obtained from the diet<br></br>D. fatty acid derivative that act on tissues in which they are synthesised
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C. isoprenoid that must be obtained from the diet
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Which of the following statements about membrane lipids is true?<br></br><br></br>A. Glycerophospholipids contain fatty acids linked to glycerol through amide bonds.<br></br>B. Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine), which is used as an emulsifier in margarine and chocolate, is a sphingolipid.<br></br>C. Some sphingolipids include oligosaccharides in their structure.<br></br>D. Glycerophospholipids are found only in the membranes of plant cells.
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C. Some sphingolipids include oligosaccharides in their structure.
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The term amphipathic means:<br></br><br></br>A. a branched structure with at least two branch points<br></br>B. different regions of polarity in the same molecule <br></br>C. different regions of polarity in different molecules<br></br>D. two different types of bonds<br></br>E. different orientation on the inside
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B. different regions of polarity in the same molecule
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Which of the following statements about hydrogenation is correct?<br></br><br></br>A. The soap hydrates the grease with its polar groups and holds it in suspension.<br></br>B. The grease is contained within lipid aggregates made of soap molecules.<br></br>C. The soap chemically transforms the grease into water-soluble molecules.<br></br>D. The soap breaks the covalent bonds in grease and makes it water soluble.
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B. The grease is contained within lipid aggregates made of soap molecules
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Prostaglandins are:<br></br><br></br>A. steroid hormones that are produced in one tissue for an effect on another tissue<br></br>B. intracellular messengers that are components of the plasma membrane<br></br>C. isoprenoids that must be obtained from the diet<br></br>D. fatty acid derivatives that act on tissues in which they are synthesised
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D. fatty acid derivatives that act on tissues in which they are synthesised
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Which one of the following statements relating to fatty acids is incorrect?<br></br><br></br>A. Palmitic acid has a 16-carbon chain<br></br>B. Arachidonic acid is derived from an essential fatty acid<br></br>C. A wax is composed of a fatty acid condensed with a long chain alcohol <br></br>D. Oleic acid is the most abundant saturated fatty acid with five carbon-carbon double bonds<br></br>E. Palmitic acid is the most abundant saturated fatty acid component in the triglyceride stores of humans
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D. Oleic acid is the most abundant saturated fatty acid with five carbon-carbon double bonds
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Which of the following best describes a phospholipid?<br></br><br></br>A. An energy fuel stored in the adipocytes<br></br>B. An ester of glycerol with one or more fatty acids<br></br>C. A major component of the plasma membranes of cells<br></br>D. None of the above <br></br>E. Choline esterified with glycerol-3-phosphate
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C. A major component of the plasma membranes of cells
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Lipids that can be used for storing energy include:<br></br><br></br>A. sphingolipids<br></br>B. triacylglyerols<br></br>C. prostaglandins<br></br>D. cholesterol<br></br>E. sterols
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B. triacylglyerols
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Which of the following contains an ether-linked alkyl group?<br></br><br></br>A. sphingomyelin<br></br>B. gangliosides<br></br>C. platelet-activating factor<br></br>D. cerebrosides
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C. platelet-activating factor
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A fatty acid designated as 20:0 is ________, while one that is designated 20:3 Δ5,8,11 is ________.
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saturated; unsaturated
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During the preparation of béarnaise sauce (one of the famous French sauces for food) egg yolk is added to an aqueous solution of white wine and vinegar and then butter is added. The idea is that the egg yolk prevents the butter from separating into an oil phase when added to the aqueous solution. The main ingredient responsible for preventing this separation of butter is phosphatidylcholine (otherwise known as lecithin). Phosphatidylcholine has this effect because it is:<br></br><br></br>A. an amphoteric molecule<br></br>B. a completely non-polar lipid<br></br>C. a charged terpene<br></br>D. a polar sphingolipid<br></br>E. an amphipathic molecule<br></br>F. a non-polar triacylglycerol
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E. an amphipathic molecule
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The name ‘fatty acid’ reflects:<br></br><br></br>A. ‘Fatty’ refers to the triacylglycerol chain in the molecule that is preferentially soluble in organic solvents. The ‘acid’ refers to the acetyl functional group that is hydrophilic.<br></br>B. ‘Fatty’ refers to the hydrocarbon chain in the molecule that is preferentially insoluble in organic solvents. The ‘acid’ refers to the carboxyl functional group that is hydrophilic.<br></br>C. ‘Fatty’ refers to the hydrocarbon chain in the molecule that is preferentially soluble in organic solvents. The ‘acid’ refers to the carboxyl functional group that is hydrophilic.<br></br>D. ‘Fatty’ refers to the hydrocarbon chain in the molecule that is preferentially soluble in organic solvents. The ‘acid’ refers to the carboxyl functional group that is hydrophobic.
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C. ‘Fatty’ refers to the hydrocarbon chain in the molecule that is preferentially soluble in organic solvents. The ‘acid’ refers to the carboxyl functional group that is hydrophilic.
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Ceramide is an important lipid because it is a precursor (helps make):<br></br><br></br>A. isoprenoids<br></br>B. steroids<br></br>C. terpenes<br></br>D. sphingolipids
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D. sphingolipids
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Triacyglycerols are comprised of negatively charged fatty acids and polar glycerol. Why then are they considered uncharged and non-polar molecules?<br></br><br></br>A. the charge on a fatty acid is lost when it forms an ester bond with glycerol<br></br>B. the non-polar groups of fatty acids neutralise the charged groups<br></br>C. the polarity of glycerol is lost when it forms an ether bond with fatty acids<br></br>D. the polar hydroxide groups of glycerol are esterified<br></br>E. the polar charged group on a fatty acid is present but not effective
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A. the charge on a fatty acid is lost when it forms an ester bond with glycerol<br></br>D. the polar hydroxide groups of glycerol are esterified
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The components of a phospholipid include one, or more, of the following:<br></br><br></br>A. glycerol<br></br>B. fatty acid<br></br>C. carbohydrate<br></br>D. sphingosine<br></br>E. phosphate
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A. glycerol<br></br>B. fatty acid<br></br>C. carbohydrate<br></br>D. sphingosine<br></br>E. phosphate
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A. carbonyl chains
B. hydrocarbon chains
C. glycosidic chains
D. phosphodiester chains
E. peptide chains
A. isoprenoid
B. glycerol
C. sphingosine
D. fatty acid
E. phosphate
A. important
B. dietary
C. saturated
D. essential
E. esters
True or False?
A. cardiolipin.
B. ceramide.
C. cerebrosides.
D. gangliosides.
True or False?
A. sphingosine.
B. prostaglandin G2.
C. arachidonate.
D. palmitate.
E. cholesterol.
A. lipid
B. carbohydrate
C. polysaccharide
D. protein
E. nucleotide
A. a source of phosphatidylcholine
B. cell to cell communication
C. a principal source of stored energy
D. blood group antigens
E. a component of plasmalogen
D. blood group antigens
A. a basic molecule (according to Bronstead-Lowry definition)
B. an amphoteric molecule
C. an acidic molecule (according to Bronstead-Lowry definition)
D. an amphibolic molecule
A. Sterols are found in the membranes of all living cells.
B. The principal sterol of animal cells is ergosterol.
C. Sterols are very soluble in water, but less so in organic solvents such as chloroform.
D. All sterols share a fused-ring structure with four rings.
