BCHM 1 liver biochemistry

Question 1

Liver cell types?

H?

E?

K?

HS?

PC?

C?

Answer 1

Question 2

Answer 2

Question 3

functions of the liver

primary?

metabolism?

biosynthesis of?

Answer 3

Question 4

functions of the liver

biosynthesis of? not related to metabolism directly

important function?

Answer 4

Question 5

central what center?

major role of liver?

what happens to substance that is useful to body?

harmful product?

Answer 5

Question 6

Structural adaptations

unique circulation

blood pressure of this?

structural features:

lack of?

haps between?

fenestrations?

all these allow????

Answer 6

Question 7

features of isoprenoids

start from?

then go to with addition of?

this molecule can then go to?

Answer 7

Question 8

sources of Acetyl CoA

generated in?

from what pathways?

transported from mitochondria via?

Answer 8

Question 9

what is a sterane ring?

made from what?

Answer 9

Question 10

structure of cholesterol

what type of compound?

how many carbons?

what hydroxyl group where?

Answer 10

Question 11

cholesterol

component of what?

precursor of?

intake? production?

excreted/ reabsorbed?

biosynthesis compared to intake?????

Answer 11

Question 12

synthesis of cholesterol

reactants?

Answer 12

Question 13

PHase 1 cholesterol synthesis

generation of what from what?

enzymes?

rate-limiting?

Answer 13

Question 14

cholesterol synthesis phase II

start with end with?

intermediate?

inhibitor?

uses what at each step?

Answer 14

Question 15

target for regulation of cholesterol synthesis?

via?

what side is it attacked?

how many pass through membrane?

Answer 15

Question 16

Inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase?

these would do what?

example given?

Answer 16

if it has statin in the name…

Question 17

Statins

lower cholesterol how much?

prevent?

type of inhibitor?

hypocholeterolemic action due to what leads to????

myotoxic side effects?

what will increase this?

Answer 17

Question 18

fate of cholesterol

packaged into?

all tissues?

liver?

Answer 18

Question 19

regulation of cholesterol synthesis

regulated via effects on?

direct inhibition?

covalent mod?

insulin?

transcriptional control???

translational?

post-translationaL?

Answer 19

Question 20

transcriptional control

HMG CoA reductase has what in promoter?

what bind that?

slow vs more active froms?

Answer 20

Question 21

Late-stage inhibitors of cholesterol synthesis

Antimycotics?

antiestrogens?

epileptogenic drug?

antipsychotic drugs?

Answer 21

Question 22

what enzyme degrade sterane ring of cholesterol?

cholesterol and bile excreted?

cholesterol converted to what in liver? stored as?

Answer 22

Question 23

bile made of?

acids and salts help?

strong detergents do what?

bile acids and salts come from?

made where? released where? stored where?

Answer 23

Question 24

emulsification by bile salts

Answer 24

Question 25

synthesis of bile acids start with? committed step? enzyme?

Answer 25

Question 26

synthesis of bile acids what acids formed from 7a-Hydroxycholesterol?

Answer 26

Question 27

conjugation of bile acids? addition of what to cholic acid gives what? better detergent effect with what? rank off this the better detergents?

Answer 27

Question 28

primary bile acids and their conjugated bile acids

Answer 28

Question 29

Bile acid vs Bile salt?

Answer 29

Question 30

secondary bile acids? each derived from? primary bile salts used in? to do? what makes secondary acids? these then do what?

Answer 30

Question 31

another way of cholesterol lowering? (bile) example? these do what? and cause?

Answer 31

Question 32

Gallstones what are they? Cholelithiasis caused by? chronic disturbance in bile salt metab leads to? and deficiency in?

Answer 32

Question 33

waste management liver primary site for conversion and or degradation of? (2)

Answer 33

Question 34

inactivation and detoxification of xenobiotics phase I does what? phase II does what? catalyzed by?

Answer 34

Question 35

Answer 35

Question 36

Cytochrome P450 enzymes contain? co-localize with? rate limiting? metab of? inducible by???? drug metab by?

Answer 36

Question 37

CYP and drug interaction CYP do what to drugs? so if inhibited? if stimulated?

Answer 37

Question 38

diseases of the liver important for this lecture?

Answer 38