BDCS Flashcards
(116 cards)
Ahwahnee Principles
collective vision of how urban and suburban planning should follow certain fundamental principals regarding community size, integration, transportation, open space, pedestrian paths, native vegetation, water and energy use
Winds: Basic speed Unnoticeable Pleasant Pleasant & noticeable Drafty Uncomfortable
70 - 80 miles/hour <50 feet/minute 50 - 100 ft / min 100 - 200 ft / min 200 - 300 ft / min \+ 300 ft / min
Noise: sleeping / studying Conversation, comfort safety threshold rock band!
30 decibels
50 - 60 decibels
85 decibels
90-100 decibels
simple beam
rests on a support at each end and ends are free to rotate
Cantilever beam
supported at one end and restrained from rotation at that end
overhanging beam
rests on 2+ supports and has one or both ends cantilevered beyond the support
Gage line
standard dimension from corner edge of an angle to centerline of bold holes
ductility
can deform and return to original shape / bends before it breaks
one-way concrete joist system
pan joists
prefab metal pan forms are used to create frame to support light/medium loads
spans of 20’-30’, depth 1’-2’
two-way concrete joist system
typically used in rectangular bays where distance between columns is equal (or close to) in both directions
flat plate system
two-way slab with no supporting beams, only columns
reinforced slab spans in both directions directly into columns at 25’ with 6”-12” thickness
used for light loads, short spans, when floor-to-floor height must be minimized
drop panel system
like flat plate system but the slab thickness is increased around the columns for greater shear failure resistance
used with greater live loads or larger spans
typical arch spans
wood
concrete
steel
wood: 50’ - 240’
concrete: 20’ - 320’
steel: 50’ - 500’
trusses:
typical depth-to-span ratios
typical spans & spacing
depth-to-span ratios: 1:10 to 1:20
spans: 40’ - 200’
spacing: 10’ - 40’ o.c.
construction weight / floor
Timber
Steel
Concrete/masonry
Timber: 7-10 lbs/sf
Steel: 15-20 lbs/sf
Concrete/Masonry: 150-200 lbs / sf
Concept Model
methodology for measuring the embodied energy in historic buildings
a planning approach where various building types are given embodied energy values based on the square footage. Gives a rough estimate
Inventory Model
methodology for measuring the embodied energy in historic buildings
Uses an accurate accounting of the material used in construction. Is more accurate than the concept model
Survey Model
methodology for measuring the embodied energy in historic buildings
assumes that most of the embodied energy in a building is contained in the bulk of the architectural materials
halftimbering
braced wall framing exposed on the face of the building where the space between the timbers was filled with brickwork or wattle and daub
NESHAP
National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants
EPA regulation that dictates requirements of ACM removal before remodel/demo in order to prevent significant asbestos release into the air
AHERA
Asbestos Hazards Emergency Response Act
EPA regulation that handles asbestos found in k-12 schools, and requires that all facilities be inspected to determine the presence of amount of asbestos
types of fires
Type A: wood, paper, plastic, cloth
Type B: flammable liquids, grease, gas
Type C: Electrical
Type D: Combustable metal
Types of fire extinguishers
Water extinguisher - class A fires
CO2 extinguisher - class B fires
ABC extinguisher - Class A, B, or C fires
K extinguisher - Class B fires (cooking oil)
Biophilia
the connections that humans subconsciously seek with the rest of life