BE chapter 4

Question 1

reasons for decolonisation (4)

Answer 1

• economic impact of ww2
• reliance on US
• Nationalist movements
• strength of western Europe

Question 2

what did the gold coast and togoland form through independence

Answer 2

Ghana

Question 3

when was Ghana formed

Answer 3

1957

Question 4

when did Nigeria gain independence

Answer 4

1960

Question 5

when did tanganyika gain independence

Answer 5

1961

Question 6

what fuelled nationalism in kenya 1900s

Answer 6

living conditions in the newly urbanised cities were very crowded

Question 7

what did the kikuyu (mau mau) do to white settlers

Answer 7

high-profile violent attacks

Question 8

when did evelyn baring declare a state of emergency in kenya

Answer 8

1952

Question 9

what was britains response to the mau mau attacks

Answer 9

17000 arrested and 1000 hanged

Question 10

why did kenya gain independence

Answer 10

despite britain crushing the rebellion, moral and political authority vanished

Question 11

when did kenya gain independence

Answer 11

1963

Question 12

when was the afrikaner national party elected

Answer 12

1948

Question 13

what did the afrikner party want to do

Answer 13

split s. africa’s blackl population into tribes and segregate them from white population

Question 14

what did the s. africa land acts do

Answer 14

took 80% of s. africa and gave the land to the white minority

Question 15

when did basutoland and bechuanaland gain independence

Answer 15

1966

Question 16

what happened in the CAF

Answer 16

nationalists clashed with the white governors, demanding independence

Question 17

when was Burma granted independence

Answer 17

1948

Question 18

when did britain propose the malayan union

Answer 18

1946

Question 19

what was the malayan reaction to the proposal of malayan union

Answer 19

UMNO was formed to oppose the Malayan Union

Question 20

what did britain form in malaya

Answer 20

federarion of malaya 1948

Question 21

when was the malayan emergency

Answer 21

1948

Question 22

when was malaya granted independence

Answer 22

1957

Question 23

how did singapore earn full self-governance

Answer 23

strong opposition to communism

Question 24

when did singapore join malaya

Answer 24

1963

Question 25

when was singapore expelled from malaysia

Answer 25

1965

Question 26

when was macmillans wind of change speech

Answer 26

1960

Question 27

why did the wind of change speech affect britains global influence

Answer 27

accepted that decolonisation was starting and spreading

Question 28

'the wind of change is blowing through this continent and whether we like it or not...

Answer 28

this growth of national consciousness is a political fact

Question 29

when was the suez crisis

Answer 29

1956

Question 30

what did Nasser (egypt) announce in 1956

Answer 30

nationalisation of the Suez Canal

Question 31

what was britains response to nassers announcement

Answer 31

conspired with france and israel to take back control of the canal

Question 32

who condemned british invasion of egypt

Answer 32

USA

Question 33

how did egypt react to british invasion

Answer 33

egyptians blocked the suez canal

Question 34

what did britain losing the suez canal symbolise

Answer 34

end of the empire

Question 35

how did the suez canal crisis make britain look

Answer 35

weak and aggressive

Question 36

how much did britain recieve from the marshall plan

Answer 36

26%

Question 37

what did the marshall plan mean for britain

Answer 37

- showed britains economic dependence on usa - meant usa could influence british foreign policy

Question 38

how was britains economic position affected by ww2

Answer 38

severely weakened

Question 39

how did ww2 affect britains ability to fund its colonies

Answer 39

unable to continue investing heavily in colonial wars due to financial constraints

Question 40

key factor that limited britains post-war recovery

Answer 40

need to repay substantial war debts

Question 41

how did britains economic challenges post ww2 affect military spending

Answer 41

military spending reduced, hindered britains ability to manage conflicts in colonies

Question 42

long-term effect of britains economic struggles post ww2

Answer 42

accelerated the process of decolonisation

Question 43

when did the empire windrush arrive in uk

Answer 43

1948

Question 44

what was the reason for windrush

Answer 44

to help fill labour shortages and rebuild uk economy

Question 45

when was the british nationality act

Answer 45

1948

Question 46

what was the british nationality act

Answer 46

gave commonwealth citizens the right to live and work in uk

Question 47

who did enoch powell recruit in 1960s

Answer 47

18000 doctors from india and pakistan

Question 48

why did some white britons feel threatened by immigrants

Answer 48

fear of job loss

Question 49

what act restricted immigration

Answer 49

commonwealth immigrants act 1962

Question 50

what did the commonwealth immigrants act do

Answer 50

introduced a work permit scheme. discriminated against black and asian workers

Question 51

what movement did oswald mosley found in 1948

Answer 51

the union movement

Question 52

who were the teddy boys

Answer 52

violent youth group who attacked immigrants in notting hill in 1958

Question 53

when was racial discrimination made illegal

Answer 53

1965 race relations act

Question 54

what was the british reaction to the commonwealth immigrants act

Answer 54

received support from 70%

Question 55

what was the response to the mau mau rebellion

Answer 55

1952 all black african political rights suspended

Question 56

british army response to mau mau rebellion

Answer 56

kikuyu villages and homes destroyed in a search for mau mau sympathisers

Question 57

hola camp massacre

Answer 57

1959

Question 58

what happened in the hola camp massacre

Answer 58

11 mau mau prisoners beaten to death by guards