Beef

Question 1

When selecting a meat animal on structural soundness, special emphasis should be placed on
what body parts?

Answer 1

Feet and legs

Question 2

What is the minimum recommended resting area for a market beef animal?

Answer 2

25 square feet

Question 3

Corn silage, pasture, and hay are examples of what type of feed?

Answer 3

Roughages

Question 4

When is the best time to start training a beef calf to lead?

Answer 4

At a young age

Question 5

Name a piece of equipment used to dehorn a newborn calf.

Answer 5

Caustic stick, tube calf dehorner or heat dehorning iron

Question 6

What is a learn by doing non-competitive 4-H activity involving several mini learning stations
called?

Answer 6

Skillathon

Question 7

What is the sheet that lists the sire and dam of a purebred animal called?

Answer 7

Registration paper

Question 8

What is the minimum area recommended for an outside exercise area for a market beef
animal?

Answer 8

400 square feet

Question 9

What grain raised on Minnesota farms is the most common concentrate in beef rations?

Answer 9

Corn

Question 10

What type of halter is best for breaking a beef calf to lead?

Answer 10

Rope halter

Question 11

When is the best time to dehorn a calf?

Answer 11

From one day to three months of age

Question 12

What is the event called that involves judges, several classes of 4 animals of beef, sheep and
swine?

Answer 12

Judging Contest

Question 13

At what age should a beef heifer be bred?

Answer 13

15-18 months

Question 14

A feed box or bunk for a market beef animal should be how far from the ground or floor?

Answer 14

18-24 inches

Question 15

What is the most important vitamin for a breeding beef animal?

Answer 15

Vitamin A

Question 16

From what side do you lead a beef calf?

Answer 16

Left side

Question 17

What is the process called in which the testicles of male calves are removed?

Answer 17

Castration

Question 18

What is the name for a two minute presentation in a Judging Contest where the participant
discusses a class of livestock?

Answer 18

Oral Reasons

Question 19

What is the amount of fat on a market animal called?

Answer 19

Finish

Question 20

How many linear feet of bunk space does a market beef animal require?

Answer 20

2 1⁄2 to 3 feet General

Question 21

Calcium and phosphorous are examples of what type of nutrients?

Answer 21

Minerals

Question 22

What is the name of a tool used by beef showmen to adjust the legs on a beef calf?

Answer 22

Show stick

Question 23

What is a piece of equipment used for castrating a calf?

Answer 23

Sharp knife, emasulator, burdizzo or elastrator

Question 24

What are the birth dates, adjusted weaning weights, adjusted yearling weights called in a
judging contest?

Answer 24

Performance data

Question 25

By what date each year must market beef steers in Minnesota be weight and identified?

Answer 25

February 15

Question 26

How many gallons of water will a 1000 pound steer drink per day if the outside temperature is 50°F?

Answer 26

8-10 gallons

Question 27

What feed ingredient is normally fed free-choice to beef cows on pasture?

Answer 27

Salt or mineral

Question 28

If a show stick is used by a beef showmen to apply pressure behind the dew claw, what direction will the calf likely move his foot?

Answer 28

Forward

Question 29

What is a common parasite of cattle?

Answer 29

Fly, grub, lice or worm

Question 30

In a class of 4 animals in a judging contest, how many possible placings are there?

Answer 30

24

Question 31

What is a beef animal that naturally lacks horns called?

Answer 31

Polled

Question 32

How many gallons of water will a 100 pound steer drink per day if the outside temperature is 90°F?

Answer 32

17-19 gallons

Question 33

Besides a balanced ration, a clean, fresh supply of this item is essential in feeding market beef?

Answer 33

Water

Question 34

When a beef showmen uses a show stick to press back between the toes in the left of the foot, the calf will likely move the foot what direction?

Answer 34

Backwards

Question 35

What are two causes of scours?

Answer 35

Soured feed, feed too finely ground, too much protein, or overfeeding of legume hays

Question 36

What is the maximum length of time a set of oral reasons should be?

Answer 36

2 minutes

Question 37

Name a popular British beef breed that is black?

Answer 37

Angus

Question 38

What season of the year do most beef cows calve?

Answer 38

Spring

Question 39

What is a commercial feed used to raise the protein level of beef ration called?

Answer 39

Protein Supplement

Question 40

Doing things such as brushing, washing and clipping are referred to as what in a beef project?

Answer 40

Grooming

Question 41

What is the act of removing horns from cattle called?

Answer 41

Dehorning

Question 42

How far should a person stand from the judge when presenting oral reasons?

Answer 42

6-8 feet

Question 43

How many animals are in a class at most judging contests?

Answer 43

4

Question 44

How many months after calving will a beef cow normally come into heat?

Answer 44

1 1⁄2 to 2 months

Question 45

A normal beef steer will consume what percent of its body weight in feed each day?

Answer 45

2.5 to 2.5%

Question 46

What is the main reason for good grooming in a beef animal?

Answer 46

To improve the appearance of the animal

Question 47

What is the normal temperature of a cow?

Answer 47

101.0°F or 38.3°C

Question 48

When giving oral reasons on a pair of animals, what are the merits for the second place animal in a pair called?

Answer 48

Grants

Question 49

What causes dark cutting beef?

Answer 49

A long term stress period prior to slaughter

Question 50

What piece of equipment is necessary to weight calves for performance records?

Answer 50

Scale

Question 51

If a steer is fed too much roughage relative to grain, how may it’s visual appearance change?

Answer 51

He will become heavy middled or paunchy

Question 52

Ideally, how often should a beef calf be brushed and combed?

Answer 52

Daily

Question 53

What is the normal pulse rate for cattle?

Answer 53

60-70 beats per minute

Question 54

What is meeting in a club or county in a specific project area called?

Answer 54

Project meeting

Question 55

Rump roast comes from what beef wholesale cut?

Answer 55

Round

Question 56

When figuring an adjusted weaning weight, name one of the adjustment factors.

Answer 56

Age of calf; sex of calf; age of the Dam

Question 57

What feed grain is the most common energy source in a market beef ration?

Answer 57

Corn

Question 58

How often should a beef calf be washed the final 2 months before a County Fair?

Answer 58

Once per week

Question 59

What is the normal respiration rate for cattle?

Answer 59

10-30 per minute

Question 60

For most 4-H livestock project members the biggest livestock show held locally is what event?

Answer 60

County Fair

Question 61

Porterhouse steak comes from what beef wholesale cut?

Answer 61

Loin or short loin

Question 62

Once a heifer has a calf she is called what?

Answer 62

Cow

Question 63

Name a method used to get supplemental feed to beef calves on pasture prior to weaning?

Answer 63

Creep Feeding

Question 64

If all the soap is not rinsed out of a beef calf during washing it will result in what condition?

Answer 64

Dandruff

Question 65

What are two factors which may influence body temperature in a healthy animal?

Answer 65

Weather, exercise, disease, excitement, time of day

Question 66

T-bone steak comes from what beef wholesale cut?

Answer 66

Loin or short loin

Question 67

What precautions can be taken with dehorning tools to prevent infections?

Answer 67

Dip tools in a disinfectant solution prior to and between each use

Question 68

Name 2 feed stuffs commonly used in creep feed for beef calves?

Answer 68

Corn, oats, protein supplement

Question 69

What is done to a beef calf to improve the way the calf stands and walks?

Answer 69

Trim the hooves (feet)

Question 70

Where is a cow’s pulse taken?

Answer 70

Outside of the jaw, just above its lower border