Sheep Flashcards
*Sheep category questions (143 cards)
1
Q
A sound commercial ewe project should be evaluated on what basis?
A
Lamb production/ewe; profit/ewe
2
Q
How much space should be provided for each ewe?
A
About 20 square feet
3
Q
How many pounds of hay will a ewe eat in a 200 day winter period?
A
650-750 pounds
4
Q
Small wired brushes used to fluff wool are called?
A
Wool cards
5
Q
What are 4 of the major diseases affecting sheep?
A
Parasites, pneumonia, pregnancy disease, vibrio, enterotoxemia, sore mouth, scours,
mastitis, foot rot, and urinary culculi
6
Q
Name two lamb carcass quality grades.
A
Prime, choice, good, utility, cull
7
Q
Name seven of the approximately 21 sheep breeds in the U.S.
A
Suffolk, Dorset, Finn, Hampshire, Columbia, Corriedale, Rambouillet, Shropshire,
Targhee, Border Lester, Cheviot, Panama, Lincoln, Oxford
8
Q
How much dry lot space should you have per ewe?
A
30-50 square feet
9
Q
How many pounds of grain will a ewe lambing in February need a year?
A
150-200 pounds
10
Q
What should you wash your sheep with?
A
Mild detergent
11
Q
What is a high temperature for a sheep?
A
104-106°F
12
Q
Name two lamb carcass yield grades.
A
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
13
Q
What are the two major economic traits to look for when selecting sheep?
A
Prolificacy, rate of gain, wool production, hardiness and longevity
14
Q
What is a lamb creep?
A
A small pen where lambs can eat, rest and be away from the ewes
15
Q
How many head of sheep can an acre of good pasture support?
A
10-15 head/acre
16
Q
Name two basic equipment items for grooming.
A
Hand shears, wash brush, rope halter, blanket, feed pan and water pail
17
Q
What are two signs a sheep may be getting sick?
A
Laggard, off by itself, won’t eat, manure not normal
18
Q
To measure the fat thickness of a lamb carcass, the carcass is ribbed between what ribs?
A
12 th and 13 th
19
Q
What is fecundity?
A
Ovulate, conceive and raise high lamb number/ewe
20
Q
When is it best to shear?
A
Prior to lambing
21
Q
How many pounds should you feed ewes during early gestation?
A
4-5 pounds of feed
22
Q
What is the stand called that is used when grooming?
A
Blocking stand
23
Q
A normal healthy sheep will do what when approached?
A
Run away
24
Q
What is the carcass from a young sheep called?
A
Lamb
25
What factors influence milk yield of ewe?
Number of lambs, age, feed, udder soundness
26
What should you do with sheared wool?
Bag immediately and store in clean, dry place
27
Aside from grains and hay, what is essential to feeding sheep?
All the fresh clean water they want
28
How soon before the show should you trim the lamb’s feet?
2 weeks
29
What should you first do with a sick sheep?
Isolate immediately in a clean, dry stall; get a diagnosis from vet; follow treatment
recommended
30
What is the carcass from an old sheep called?
Mutton
31
At what age do the down creeds reach sexual maturity?
5-7 months
32
Name two factors that can adversely affect profits.
Ewe depreciation, interest rates, barn and equipment costs, health and parasites
33
When lactating, how much grain should a ewe receive?
1-2 pounds
34
How should you position the lamb to trim the feet?
Place lamb on its rump, hold between your knees with the lamb’s head up
35
What is enterotoximia?
Overeating
36
What is the blood grade name of wool with the finest diameter?
Fine (has at least 64 hanks per pound spinning count)
37
what is gainability?
Weight per day of age
38
Name three factors aside for the capital costs that affect production costs.
Feed costs, level of winter feeding, when your ewes lamb, pasture costs, average of
weight per lamb sold, number of lambs
39
What should be the proportion of hay:grain for lactating ewes?
A. 65:35 to 50:50
40
Which portion of the hoof should be trimmed?
The excessive overgrown area
41
How can you prevent enterotoxemia?
Vaccinate a month before lambing and then vaccinate lambs at 3-4 weeks of age
42
What sheep breed has all black head and legs?
Suffolk
43
What is considered the third most important economic trait of sheep?
Wool production
44
How many more non-lactating ewes can be grazed per acre than lactating ewes?
Twice as many
45
How old before lambs begin to eat dry feed?
2-3 weeks of age
46
What can happen if you cut a hoof too deeply?
Blood and lameness
47
What are sheep keds?
Ticks
48
What two breeds were originally crossed to make the Suffolk breed?
Norfolk and Southdown
49
What determines clean fleece weight?
Breed, size, staple length, fiber density
50
Have ewe prices risen or declined since 1981?
Declined
51
What are three of the feed ingredients in a well balance ration?
Shelled corn, Ammonium chloride, alfalfa, soybean meal, molasses, feeding
limestone, sale, antibiotics, bovatec
52
Can you wash all breeds of sheep?
No – wool breeds should not be washed
53
Are ticks an external or internal parasite?
Are ticks an external or internal parasite?
54
What is the activity called where teams perform specific tasks at a series of stations?
Skillathon
55
How many years does the average ewe remain productive?
5-6 years
56
Are April-born lambs more or less costly to produce than January born lambs?
Less
57
In any ration how much salt is adequate?
5%
58
How long before the show should you shear a show wether?
2 weeks
59
What are internal parasites?
Intestinal worms of several species
60
What is the minimum number of group 4-H project experiences each leader should have?
Five
61
What are two factors that determine ease of lambing?
Weight of lamb, size and shape, pelvic room in the ewe, presentation normal
62
Do lambs sold in June or July sell for more or less per 100 pounds than December sold
lambs?
More
63
What causes too much fat in sheep?
Fed too much, too long
64
How much fleece should there be at show time on a Suffolk ewe lamb?
1⁄2 to 3⁄4 inch
65
How can ticks be prevented?
By spraying shortly after shearing
66
How are livestock classes in a judging contest numbered?
Left to right from behind
67
Which type of ewes are more likely to have two or more lambs?
Mature ewes, flushed ewes, finn cross ewes
68
What is an example of a pasture related death loss?
Bloat, maggots, parasites, toxic plants
69
If a lamb is orphaned or rejected what should you feed a new lamb?
Milk replacer
70
Which area of a sheep should be sheared first?
Breast area, then belly, flanks
71
Should ewes be treated for worms before breeding?
Yes
72
If the cuts in a class of 4 animals were 1-1-1, what would this tell you about the class?
All the animals are almost the same
73
When is the best to select open ewes?
Summer or early fall
74
What is a bummer lamb?
An orphaned lamb
75
How should the creep ration be ground?
Coarsely or pelleted
76
How do you remove excessive dirt, straw and manure before washing a sheep?
Curry comb or stiff brush
77
Are sheep more or less likely to have parasite problems on pasture than in confinement?
More likely
78
In addition to two teams who else is involved in a project quiz bowl? (Name one)
Moderator, judge, score keeper and time keeper
79
Name 3 desirable physical characteristics in a 4-H ewe for show.
Alert, good size, length, height, body width, muscled legs, substance bone, breed type
80
Crossbreeding increases what?
Productivity
81
How much soybean meal should be added to the sheep ration?
15%
82
What should you do with a sheep’s ears while washing?
Hold closed
83
What is an inflammation of the udder called?
Mastitis
84
Name two feedstuffs used primarily as sources of energy.
Barley, oats, wheat, corn, hay
85
Name one of the meat type breeds.
Hampshire, Oxford, Shropshire, Suffolk, Dorset
86
What is culling?
Selling unproductive and unhealthy sheep
87
What vitamins should be in sheep ration?
A, D, E
88
How can you speed up drying sheep?
Blow dry
89
What is a normal temperature for a sheep?
101-103°F
90
Name two feedstuffs used primarily as sources of protein.
Cottonseed meal, soybean meal, linseed meal, corn gluten meal, meat meal, urea
91
How much should a Suffolk ram lamb weigh at 5-6 months?
150-190 pounds
92
What two factors determine the pounds of lamb produced?
Number of lambs or weight of lamb
93
What percent of the total production cost is feed?
60-70%
94
What is the purpose of carding a Hampshire lamb’s legs?
Make appear heavier boned
95
What diseases cause abortions?
Vibrio and Chlamydia, toxoplasmasis
96
What class of nutrients are needed for proper bone and tooth formation?
Minerals
97
How far in advance of breeding period should a ram be selected?
At least 1 month
98
What will lambing your flocks in two separate groups do for management?
Doubles use of building, equipment, and reduces production costs
99
Corn silage and grass hay are good sources of what?
Energy
100
At what angle should the edge of shears be held to the lamb’s back?
45° angle
101
What contributes to vibrio?
Too many sheep and contaminated feed
102
What class of nutrients are considered the body’s fuel?
Energy
103
Which has research shown to produce the most pounds of lamb per ewe, crossbred ewes or
straight-breds?
Crossbreds
104
Are sheep numbers at their highest or lowest level in history?
Lowest
105
Name three minerals important to a sheep’s diet.
Salt, calcium and phosphorous, magnesium, potassium, sulfur, cobalt, zinc, and iron
106
Which end of a lamb should you start clipping if you are right handed?
Rear to front on right side and left
107
When does pregnancy disease occur?
Last 40 days gestation
108
Muscle and hair are made from what class of nutrients?
Protein
109
Which breed of sheep is the most prolific?
Finn
110
When should a lamb’s tail be docked?
1-7 days old
111
What does trace mineral salt containing iodine eliminate?
Goiter problems
112
What purpose does a blanket serve on a sheep?
Keeps sheep clean, firm and neat
113
What is entopion?
Turned under eyelids
114
What nutrient is the body’s “cooling system” and “lubricant”?
Water
115
Name one of the two breeds noted for the best gainability, muscling and carcass traits.
Suffolk and Hampshire
116
When should castrating be performed?
By 2 weeks of age
117
What is urea?
The dominant source of non-protein nitrogen
118
How do you clean the lamb’s ears and face?
washcloth
119
Can entropion in lambs be treated? If so, how?
Clip or sew down the eyelids
120
What type of animal can utilize a high fiber content in their ration?
Ruminants (beef, sheep,goats)
121
Which breeds are considered having the best disposition?
Hampshire, Columbia, Shrophsire, Corriedale, Dorset
122
What should be done to sheep’s feet?
Keep trimmed
123
Name three commonly used grains in sheep rations.
Oats, corn, barley, wheat, rye and sorghum
124
Polyarthritis affects what joints?
Leg joints
125
What may cause hay to be yellow or brownish in color?
Bleached by sun, rained on or stored in the bale at too high moisture
126
Which breeds are noted for superior growth rate and carcass muscling?
Suffolk, Hampshire, Columbia
127
What does shearing rams do?
Increases vigor and activity, helps avoid sterility
128
Name three desirable roughages.
Alfalfa, timothy, brome, orchard grass, canary, clover, haylage, corn silage
129
What kind of halter can be used when showing?
Rope halter
130
What is rectal prolapse?
Protruding rectum
131
What part of legume hay contains most of the protein?
Two thirds of the protein found in the leaves
132
What is considered the longest living breed of sheep?
Rambouillet
133
What is docking?
Detailing
134
What must a ewe have in order to produce an adequate milk supply?
Energy, protein, calcium, phosphrum, vitamins, water
135
What facts about your lamb should you know before entering the showring?
Birthday, weight, breeding information, feeding management
136
What can cause prolapse?
Overweight, coughing, short dock, too high gain ration, genetics
137
Name 2 of the five criteria used to judge hay?
Stage of maturity, leafiness, color, foreign material, odor and condition
138
Name 2 breeds which are the earliest to develop sexual maturity.
Finn, Dorset, Down breeds such as Hampshire, Suffolk and Shropshire
139
What should you do to mark and identify lambs?
Ear mark, tags, paint, brand
140
What are four of eight factors you should keep in mind when selecting proper feed rations?
Age and size of animal, production stage, production level desired, current conditions,
environment and disease
141
How should your lamb stand in the showring?
Squarely, legs not wide or stretched
142
What is one of the two breeds most susceptible to scrapie?
North County Chevoit and Suffolk
143
How many permanent incisor teeth does a two your old ewe have?
Four
