Beer

Question 1

What are the 4 base ingredients of beer?

Answer 1

Water
Cereal / Grain + Malt
Yeast
Hops

Question 2

Which cereal grain is most used to brew beer because of its high quality?

Answer 2

Barley

Question 3

What other cereal grains can be used to brew beer?

Answer 3

• Oats
• Rice
• Wheat
• Corn
• Rye

Question 4

In order for fermentation to happen, what does a brewer have to do to the cereal grain?

Answer 4

Germinate the cereal grain to turn its starches into fermentable sugars – because yeasts eat sugar, not starch.

Question 5

What is malt?

Answer 5

Cereal or grain that’s been germinated.

Question 6

What does malt provide

Answer 6

Malt provides beer with sugar for fermentation to create alcohol, plus color, flavor, body, texture, and mouthfeel.

Question 7

What is Germination

Answer 7

The process where grain kernels (seeds) produce enzymes that will turn starches into sugar for fermentation to occur. This creates malt.

Question 8

What is Kilning

Answer 8

The heating of germinated barley to dry it and develop flavor and color. The length of time and the temperature of kilning will determine the color and flavor of the malt and the eventual beer.

Question 9

Besides fermenting malt sugars into alcohol, what other role do yeasts play in beer production?

Answer 9

They contribute characteristic aromas and flavors to the beer.

Question 10

In beer production, what ferments the malt sugars into alcohol?:

Mold
Botrytis
Yeast

Answer 10

Yeast

Question 11

Describe ale yeasts and impact on taste

Answer 11

Top-fermenting yeasts produce ales

Creates more aromas such as fruit and spices

Question 12

Describe lager yeasts and impact on taste

Answer 12

Bottom-fermenting yeasts, clean and crisp, less effect on the aroma and flavor profile of the final beer.

Question 13

Ale fermentation

Answer 13

Warm and fast fermentation (68-72°F or 20-22°C)

Question 14

Lager fermentation

Answer 14

Cool and slow fermentation (48-55°F or 9-13°C)

Question 15

What determines if a beer is an ale or a lager?

Answer 15

The yeast strain

Question 16

Ale yeast name

Answer 16

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Question 17

Lager yeast name

Answer 17

Saccharomyces pastorianus

Question 18

What is hops

Answer 18

Hops are flowers of the hop plant that are used in beer production.

Question 19

What are the roles of hops in beer production?

Answer 19

1. Their resin, when boiled in the fermentation process, contributes bitterness to beer which helps counterbalance the sweet maltiness in beer;
2. Act as a preservative with antibacterial properties
3. Lend flavors + aromas

Question 20

True or False - all hops provide the same flavors

Answer 20

Many different varieties of hops produce a wide range of flavors and aromas

Question 21

American Hops varieties

Answer 21

Cascade, Centennial, Citra

Question 22

European Hops varieties

Answer 22

Hallertau, Saaz, Tettnang

Question 23

Importance of water in beer production

Answer 23

90%+ of beer content, clean water is essential to the brewing process

Question 24

Why is water an important consideration

Answer 24

The style of beer that is produced is due to the unique mineral and ion content of various local water sources.

Question 25

Ales use ____-fermenting yeasts. Lagers use ____-fermenting yeasts.

Answer 25

Ales = top-fermenting yeasts Lagers = bottom-fermenting yeasts

Question 26

Ales ferment at ____er temperatures. Lagers ferment at ____er temperatures.

Answer 26

Ales ferment at warmer temps Lagers ferment at cooler temps

Question 27

Ale Examples

Answer 27

Germany: Hefeweizen Britain: Pale Ale, India Pale Ale (IPA), Porter Ireland: Irish Dry Stout Belgium: Lambic, Wit or White Ale

Question 28

Lager Examples

Answer 28

General: American Lager, European Lager Czech Republic: Pilsner (origin of the Pilsner beer) Germany: Pilsner (Pils), Bock, Doppelbock, Oktoberfest

Question 29

ABV

Answer 29

Alcohol by volume—an ABV of 6% means a beer contains 6% alcohol.

Question 30

IBU

Answer 30

International Bitterness Unit, the higher the IBUs means a more bitter beer.

Question 31

Germination Malting Mashing Boiling Fermentation Lagering

Answer 31

1. **Germination**: Barley grains are soaked in water to sprout, activating enzymes needed to convert starches into fermentable sugars. 2. **Malting**: The sprouted grains are dried in a kiln to halt germination, creating malt, which provides the beer’s sugars and flavor base. 3. **Mashing**: Crushed malt is mixed with hot water to convert starches into fermentable sugars, producing a sweet liquid called wort. 4. **Boiling**: The wort is boiled and hops are added to contribute bitterness, flavor, and aroma while sterilizing the mixture. They lower the temperature after this to prep for fermentation 5. **Fermentation:** Yeast is added to the cooled wort, converting sugars into alcohol and CO₂ over 1–2 weeks 6. **Conditioning** Matures the beer, refining its flavor and removing unwanted compounds. * The beer is stored at controlled temperatures for a period ranging from weeks to months. * Secondary additions, such as dry hops, may be added at this stage. 6. **Lagering**: For lagers, the beer undergoes a secondary fermentation and aging process at cold temperatures to refine flavors and enhance clarity 7. **Filtration / Clarification** (optional) 8. **Carbonation** - Adds fizz and enhances mouthfeel

Question 32

European Pale Lager

Answer 32

Stella Artois Heineken

Question 33

American Pale Lager

Answer 33

Budweiser Bud Light Coors Light

Question 34

Pilsner

Answer 34

Pilsner Uruquell Brooklyn Beer Pilsner

Question 35

American IPA producers

Answer 35

Goose Island Brewery Stone IPA

Question 36

American Pale Ale producers

Answer 36

Daisy Cutter Three Floyds Alpha

Question 37

American or British Porter producers

Answer 37

Samuel Smith: Released Taddy Porter in 1979, which helped revive the style in England Anchor Brewing: The first American brewery to release a porter in 1972

Question 38

Irish Dry Stout producers

Answer 38

Guinness North Coast Brewery

Question 39

Common beer containers

Answer 39

Bottle Can Keg (many sizes and shapes exist)

Question 39

Sour Beer producers

Answer 39

Cascade: Known for their sour ales, including Noyaux Sour Ale, Kriek Sour Ale, and The Vine American Wild Ale Victory Brewing Company: Produces Sour Monkey

Question 39

Hefeweizen producers

Answer 39

Little Miami Brewing Company Live Oak Hefe Weizen

Question 39

Witbier producers

Answer 39

Ritual Brewing Wit's End Perennial Artisan Ales Daydreaming

Question 40

What's the stocking principle for beer

Answer 40

First in First Out

Question 41

True or False - beer is the one of the oldest alcoholic beverages

Answer 41

True

Question 42

A private dining event wants to order enough kegs of a specific beer to serve on tap for a special event. There are 200 people attending. They estimate 40 percent of customers order one pint each. One pint = 16 ounces The beer is only offered in Quarter Barrel kegs; a Quarter Barrel keg = 29.3 litres/ 992 ounces How many guests order a glass of this beer? How many total ml/ounces will you need to pour throughout the evening? How many Quarter kegs must you order to ensure demand is met

Answer 42

*How many guests order a glass of this beer? * 80 guests *How many total ml/ounces will you need to pour throughout the evening? * 80 people × 16 oz/person = 1,280 oz 1 ounce = 29.5735 milliliters 1,280 oz × 29.5735 ml/oz = 37,854.08 ml *How many Quarter kegs must you order to ensure demand is met* 2 kegs

Question 42

Beer food and pairing

Answer 42

An incredibly flexible beverage with food because of the vast arrays of possibilities with a few simple ingredients.

Question 43

Understand common food and beer pairing principles

Answer 43

Sweetness from malt Bitterness from hops Generally low alcohol content Carbonation or bubbles

Question 43

Service of Beverage for Beer

Answer 43

Glassware must be clean polished As with wine, many styles of beer have specific and appropriate glassware for service.

Question 43

What is this?

Answer 43

Weizen

Question 44

History and Lore for Beer

Answer 44

Mesopotamia: (-) Nomadic hunter-gatherers began to settle down to farm and grow crops to make bread and beer (-) Beer styles are a window into time and place. (-) Classic styles were created during very specific times in history

Question 45

What is this?

Answer 45

Pint

Question 45

What is this?

Answer 45

Tulip

Question 46

What is this?

Answer 46

Mug

Question 47

What is this?

Answer 47

Pilsner

Question 48

Weizner vs Pilsner (photo)

Answer 48