BEHAVIOR THERAPY Flashcards
(51 cards)
2 types of human learning
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
A type of learning in which an
organism comes to associate two
different stimuli and, as a result,
responds to one of the stimuli in
the same way it would respond to
the other.
Classical Conditioning
Known as instrumental conditioning,
is a type of learning process in
which an individual’s behavior is
modified through the consequences
that follow their actions.
Operant Conditioning
A stimulus that naturally and automatically triggers a specific response in an organism
UNCONDITIONED STIMULUS
The natural and automatic response
that occurs in reaction to the
unconditioned stimulus.
UNCONDITIONED RESPONSE:
A previously neutral stimulus that, through association with the unconditioned stimulus, comes to
elicit a response.
CONDITIONED STIMULUS
The learned response to the
conditioned stimulus.
CONDITIONED RESPONSE
Refers to voluntary actions or behaviors that an individual performs in response to their
environment.
OPERANT BEHAVIOR
A consequence that follows a behavior and serves to increase
the likelihood of that behavior
being repeated in the future.
REINFORCEMENT
A consequence that follows a behavior and serves to decrease the likelihood of that behavior being
repeated in the future.
PUNISHMENT
reinforcement every time the behavior occurs
continuous reinforcement
Reinforcement only some of the time
intermittent reinforcement
A positive event presented as a consequence
of a person’s performing a behavior is called
__
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
In ____ ____ an undesirable
consequence of a behavior is removed, which
increases the likelihood that a behavior will be repeated.
negative reinforcement
The process of no longer presenting a
reinforcer.
EXTINCTION
When behavior is reinforced, it may generalize
to other behavior.
GENERALIZATION
The ability to be able to react differently,
depending upon the stimulus condition that is
presented, is extremely important for
individuals
DISCRIMINATION
there is a gradual movement from
the original behavior to the desired behavior
by reinforcing approximations of the desired
behavior.
SHAPING
Four Basic Functions
- attentional process
- retention process
- motor reproduction process
- motivational process
To learn from observation, an individual must
pay attention to the model and the specific
behaviors being demonstrated
ATTENTIONAL PROCESSES
After paying attention to the model’s behavior, the observer must be able to remember or retain the information.
RETENTION PROCESSES
Once the behavior is remembered, the
observer must be capable of reproducing or
imitating it.
MOTOR REPRODUCTION PROCESSES
Observational learning is influenced by the
observer’s motivation to imitate the behavior.
If the observer sees value or reward in the
behavior, they are more likely to be motivated
to replicate it.
MOTIVATIONAL PROCESSES
Are systematic procedures used by
psychologists, therapists, educators, and
researchers to gather information about an
individual’s behavior.
BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT
