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INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING > Psychoanalysis > Flashcards

Psychoanalysis Flashcards

1
Q

Sigismund (Sigmund) Freud was born either on ____, in ____ which is now part of the Czech Republic.

A

March 6 or May 6,
1856

Freiberg, Moravia,

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2
Q

Sigmund Freud was the first of seven children of

A

Amalia and Jacob Freud

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3
Q

He was well versed in languages,learning not only the classical
languages—___,____,___, —but also ___, ____, ___, _____
, and he read Shakespeare at the age of .

A

Greek, Latin, and Hebrew

English, French, Italian,and Spanish

8

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4
Q

He attended the ____ (a secondary school) from 1866 to 1873,
graduating summa cum laude.

A

Sperlgymnasium

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5
Q

In the winter of ___, Freud began his medical studies at the ___ and finished his degree ___ years later.

A

1873

University of
Vienna

8

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6
Q

In ___, Freud had the opportunity to travel to Paris and spend 4 months with
, a famous French neurologist and hypnotist.

A

1885

Jean Charcot

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7
Q

Freud married ____ in 1886.

A

Martha Bernays

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8
Q

Drives and Instinct

A

Self preservative drives

Species-preservative drives

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9
Q

including breathing, eating, drinking, and excreting.

A

Self preservative drives -

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10
Q

– sexuality

A

Species-preservative drives

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11
Q
  • associated with all life instincts and included the
    general goal of seeking to gain pleasure and avoid pain.
A

Sex/Libido/Eros

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12
Q
  • accounted for aggressive
    drives. These include unconscious desires to hurt others or oneself.
A

Aggression/Death instinct or Thanatos

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13
Q

Three levels of consciousness

A
  1. Conscious
  2. Unconscious
  3. Preconscious
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14
Q
  • sensations and experiences that the person is aware of at
    any point in time.
    • Plays a relatively minor role in psychoanalytic theory.
    • It is the only level of mental life directly available to us.
A

Conscious

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15
Q

Ideas can reach consciousness from two different directions.

A
  1. Perceptual Conscious System
  2. Preconscious and Unconscious
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16
Q

what we perceive through senses

A

Perceptual Conscious System –

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17
Q

nonthreatening ideas only and well
disguised images

A

Preconscious and Unconscious –

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18
Q
  • memories of events and experiences that can easily be retrieved with little effort.
A

Preconscious

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19
Q

The contents of the preconscious come from two sources:

A
  1. Conscious perception
  2. Unconscious
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20
Q

what a person perceives is conscious for only a transitory period. Ex. Seeing people on a street

A

Conscious Perception -

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21
Q
  • ideas can slip past the vigilant censor and enter into the preconscious.
A

Unconscious

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22
Q

– the container for memories and emotions that are threatening to the conscious mind and must be pushed away.

A

Unconscious

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23
Q

contains all those drives, urges, or instincts that are
beyond our awareness but that nevertheless motivate most of our words,
feelings, and actions.

A

The unconscious

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24
Q

processes often enter into consciousness but only after being disguised or distorted enough to elude censorship.

A

Unconscious

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25
Q

unconscious images first must be sufficiently disguised to slip past the
____ &_____

A

primary censor and a final censor

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26
Q
  • a portion of our unconscious originates from
    the experiences of our early ancestors.
A

Phylogenetic endowment

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27
Q

Bringing unconscious material into conscious awareness is a major therapeutic task. This
can be brought into awareness by:

A
  1. Dream interpretation
  2. Slips of a tongue
  3. Forgetting
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28
Q

-images within the dream may represent various unconscious
needs, wishes, or conflicts

A

Dream interpretation

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29
Q

– apparently reveal private thoughts and feelings that individuals
hold

A

Slips of the tongue

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30
Q

– repression

A

Forgetting

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31
Q

Attending to unconscious material was crucial for Freud and is central for all
psychoanalysts.

A

True

32
Q

Represents unchecked biological forces
• At birth, the infant is all like this. Inherited and physiological forces, such as
hunger, thirst, and elimination, drive the infant.
• Pleasure principle – find pleasure, avoid pain.

A

Id

33
Q

___ - is the rational thinking that mediates between the two and deals with reality.
• must mediate between the world around the infant and the instincts or drives
within the infant.
• By waiting or suspending the pleasure principle, it follows the reality principle.

A

Ego

34
Q
  • is the voice of social conscience.
    represents parental values and, more broadly, society’s
    standards.
A

Superego

35
Q
  • represents behaviors that parents approve of. Incorporates
    the parents’ values
A

Ego ideal

36
Q
  • refers to behaviors disapproved of by parents.
A

Conscience

37
Q

The individual develops a ____ or ____ to determine
whether actions are good or bad.

A

moral code or sense of values

38
Q

When conflicts among the id, ego, and superego develop, ____ is likely to arise.

A

anxiety

39
Q

When the ____ has too much control, individuals may become impulsive, self-
indulgent, or destructive.

A

id

40
Q

When the ____ is too strong, individuals may set unrealistically high moral
or perfectionistic standards (superego) for themselves and thus develop a sense
of incompetence or failure.

A

superego

41
Q

When the ___ senses ____, it is a sign that danger is imminent and something
must be done.

A

ego

anxiety

42
Q

3 types of anxiety

A

Reality
Neurotic
Moral

43
Q
  • the anxiety is appropriate to the situation.
A

Reality

44
Q
  • occurs when individuals are afraid that they will not
    be able to control their feelings or instincts (id) and will do
    something for which they will be punished by parents or other
    authority figures.
A

Neurotic

45
Q
  • When people are afraid they will violate parental or
    societal standards (superego).
A

Moral

46
Q

deny or distort reality

A

Defense mechanisms

47
Q

To cope with anxiety, the ___ must have a means of dealing with
situations.

A

ego

48
Q

serves to remove painful thoughts, memories, or feelings from
conscious awareness by excluding painful experiences or unacceptable impulses.

A

Repression

49
Q

Kinakalimutan

A

Repression

50
Q

Traumatic events, such as sexual abuse, that occur in the first 5 years of
life are likely to be ___

A

repressed and to be unconscious.

51
Q

is a way of distorting or not acknowledging what an individual
thinks, feels, or sees.

A

denial

52
Q

A way of avoiding an unacceptable impulse which is to act in the opposite extreme.

A

Reaction formation

53
Q

By acting in a way that is opposite to disturbing desires, individuals do not
have to deal with the resulting anxiety

A

Reaction formation

54
Q

Attributing one’s own unacceptable feelings or thoughts to others .

A

Projection

55
Q

When anxious, individuals can place their feelings not on an object or
person who may be dangerous but on those who may be safe.

A

Displacement

56
Q

is the modification of a drive (usually sexual or aggressive) into acceptable social behavior.

A

Sublimation

57
Q

To explain away a poor performance, a failure, or a loss, people may make
excuses to lessen their anxiety and soften the disappointment.

A

Rationalization

58
Q

To revert to a previous stage of development.

A

Regression

59
Q

Faced with stress, individuals may use previously appropriate but now
immature behaviors.

A

Regression

60
Q

taking on the characteristics of others, people can reduce their anxiety as
well as other negative feelings.

A

Identification

61
Q

Emotional issues are not dealt with directly but rather are handled
indirectly through abstract thought.

A

Intellectualization

62
Q

Psychoanalytical Approaches to Treatment
• Value of insights into ___

A

unconscious motivations

63
Q

Psychoanalytical Approaches to Treatment
• Concentrate on understanding

A

unconscious material.

64
Q

____ is achieved through analysis of childhood
experiences that are reconstructed, interpreted, and analyzed.

A

Self-understanding

65
Q

Assessment:
• Some psychoanalysts may use:

A

A. Family and social history
B. Trial analysis
C. Projective tests

66
Q

Techniques in psychotherapy

A

Free association
Neutrality and Empathy
Resistance
Interpretation

67
Q
  • to relate everything of which they are aware, unconscious material arises
    for the analyst to examine. The content of free association may be bodily sensations, feelings, fantasies, thoughts, memories, recent events, and theanalysis
A

• Free Association

68
Q

The analyst wants the patient to be able to free-associate to materials that
are affected as little as possible by aspects of the analyst that are
extraneous to the patient.

A

Neutrality and Empathy

69
Q

When analysts do disclose about themselves, they think carefully about
the impact of this disclosure on the patient.

A

Neutrality and Empathy

70
Q

• By understanding the patient’s feelings and encouraging free association rather than responding directly to the patient’s feelings, the analyst allows
a transference relationship (feelings about the analyst) to develop.

A

Neutrality and Empathy

71
Q

By understanding the patient’s feelings and encouraging free association
rather than responding directly to the patient’s feelings, the analyst allows
a transference relationship (feelings about the analyst) to develop.

A

Neutrality and Empathy

72
Q

During the course of analysis or therapy, patients may resist the analytical process, usually unconsciously

A

Resistance

73
Q

material that arises from free association, dreams, slips of the tongue,
symptoms, or transference must be interpreted to the patient.

A

Interpretation

74
Q

The relationship between patient and analyst is a crucial aspect of psychoanalytic treatment.

A

Transference

75
Q

refers to the emotional reactions, biases, or
perceptions that a therapist may have towards a client, influenced by the
therapist’s own personal experiences, unconscious feelings, or issues.

A

Countertransference

76
Q
  • Therapists and analysts who follow a relational
    approach will go beyond the interpretation of countertransference. They
    are likely to look for issues that affect the therapeutic work.
A

Relational Response

INTRODUCTION TO COUNSELING (12 decks)

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