Behavior Therapy (Lecture 2+ ch. 6) Flashcards
(38 cards)
What features do all behavioral therapies have in common?
- Changing behavior
- Empiricism
- All behaviors have a function
- Focus on maintaining factors
- Directive
- Transparent
Which therapies are most similar to behavior therapy?
Cognitive therapy & rational emotive therapy
Difference between psychoanalysis and BT?
- Psychoanalysis: nondirective, less transparent, less evidence-based, reliant on therapist’s interpretation, more focused on cause
- Assumption of symptom substitution
What is symptom substitution?
An underlying problem showing up in another form when a surface symptom is treated
What are the roots (history) of BT?
mid-1900s: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, behaviorism
What is systematic desensitization?
Confronting feared situations in imagination + simultaneous relaxation.
Three waves of therapy?
- Behavioral
- Behavioral + cognitive
- Behavioral + cognitive + acceptance
What can be said about personality & behavior approaches?
Behavioral approaches mostly reject personality approaches (‘behavior influenced by environment’). Research does show that individual temperaments influence behavior.
Reinstatement
A repairing of the US and CS after extinction, leading to a return of fear.
Extinction in classical conditioning
Presentation of the CS in absence of the US, CR stops occurring.
Extinction in operant conditioning
Behavior stops occuring because it is no longer reinforced.
What misunderstandings can there be in BT?
- Denial: BT denies deeper thoughts and feelings (not only observable behavior)
- Superficial: BT only addresses symptoms (focus at cause of symptoms)
- Exclusive: BT focuses exclusively on present behavior (past is also a factor)
- Simplistic (actually catered to the individual)
- Ignores therapeutic relationship
What is added in the fourth wave of BT (which is not clearly manifested yet)?
A technological/neurocognitive/neurobiological aspect
Case conceptualization? (holistic theory)
A clinician’s summary of the client’s problems which is usually composed after 2/3 sessions
What is functional analysis and what is it based on?
- Analysis of the variables that cause and maintain problem behaviors
- Operant conditioning (reinforcement and punishment)
What criteria for treatment planning are there in a case conceptualization? (5)
- Probability + problematic value
- Treatability
- Centrality (vs end problem)
- Reason for therapy
What is meaning analysis and what is it based on?
- Why certain causes elicit the problem behavior
- Classical conditioning
What is exposure (theoretical view)?
Extinction, inhibition (new assocation)
What are discrimination learning and generalization?
- Response becomes context dependent
- More situations than acquired
What does the corrective learning approach assume? (BT)
Behavior learned through association (classical), consequences (operant), observation (vicarious), rules (instructional)
For what is a therapeutic relationship important?
Social reinforcement for desired behaviors +model for desired interpersonal skills
Which explanations for BT are becoming increasingly more popular?
Information + emotional processing, cognitive reappraisal models
What are predictors of worse outcome for BT?
- Presence of personality disorders
- Severe depression/anxiety
- More stressful life events
- Poor insight + motivation/engagement
- Negative patterns of communication in family
What are the functions of behavioral assessment?
- Identifying target behaviors (deficits + excesses)
- Determining course
- Assessing impact + final outcome
