Client-centered approach (Lecture 1, ch. 4, Miller & Moyers, vd Molen) Flashcards
(17 cards)
What shift did Roger make when introducing the client-centered approach?
From humans as passive, to the individual as active (humanistic approach)
What is the self-actualizing tendency?
An organism’s motivation to maintain and enhance themselves
What do congruence and incongruence mean in this context?
Congruence: fully functioning person
Incongruence: psychopathology
What are the three core conditions of the therapeutic relationship, according to Roger?
- Congruence (genuineness)
- Unconditional positive regard
- Empathy
What is unconditional positive regard hinted at?
The person, not perse agreement with their behavior
What two things can be difficult in unconditional positive regard?
- Seeing psychopathology as adjustment, so what the behavior means
- Guarding own limits
What interventions can be used to enhance empathy in the therapeutic relationship?
- Adapt to language use
- Use silences
- Dare to interrupt
What is the effect of empathy on the process of the client?
Improves contact/alliance + invitation to further exploration
Difference between the medical model and the CC (=client-centered) model?
The medical model states pathology inside of the person, whereas CC says this can lead to stigmatization/marginalization
Difference between positive psychology and CC?
Positive psychology’s interventions still ground themselves in the medical model
In what sense do feminist therapy and CC overlap?
Both aim to empower the client
What levels of analysis are there according to Roger? + at what level is CC at work
- Nomothetic
- Group differences
- Idiographic (CC)
What is the locus of evaluation? What does this look like for the client before and after therapy?
- Basis for values
- Often begin with external (what do other people think of me?) and then shift to internal
What is an organismic valuing process?
Individuals rely on their own senses to make value judgements, instead of what should be right or wrong
What does empathetic understanding in CC lead to in the client?
Shift from me-state (object) to I-state (internal frame of reference)
Is there strong empirical support for congruence, unconditional positive regard and empathy (so, basically CC)?
Yes!!! equivalent to non-humanistic therapies
What is the difference between simple and complex affirmations?
Simple affirmations are about behavior, whereas complex affirmations are about personality traits/strengths
