Behavioral Ecology

Question 1

behaviors that seem to be genetically programmed

Answer 1

Innate

Question 2

objects that elicite an innate behavioral response

Answer 2

Releasers

Question 3

when an organism learns to ignore a repeated stimulus

Answer 3

Habituation

Question 4

learning without a positive or negative reinforcement

Answer 4

Nonassociative Learning

Question 5

establishing a positive or negative association between a stimulus and a response

Answer 5

Associative Learning

Question 6

involuntary response comes to be associated with a stimulus that did not originally elicit the response

Answer 6

Classical Conditioning

Question 7

behavior is reinforced by a consequence, either a reward or a punishment

Answer 7

Operant Conditioning

Question 8

the ability to solve problems with conscious thought and includes activities such as perception, analysis, judgement, recollection, and imagining

Answer 8

Cognitive Learning

Question 9

limited time period of development where learning can be coupled with innate behavior

Answer 9

Critical Period

Question 10

a long-lasting behavioral response to a specific object or person

Answer 10

Imprinting

Question 11

predicts that an animal should behave in a way that maximizes the benefits of a behavior minus its costs

Answer 11

Optimality theory

Question 12

the concept that in a given circumstance, an animal seeks to obtain the most energy possible with the least expenditure of energy

Answer 12

Optimal foraging

Question 13

fixed area in which an individual or group excludes other members of its own species, and sometimes other species, by aggressive behavior or territory markings

Answer 13

Territory

Question 14

if each individual in a group occasionally scans the environment for predators, the larger the group, the less time an individual forager needs to devote to vigilance and the more time it can spend feeding

Answer 14

Many-Eyes hypothesis