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Intro to Pharmacology > Behavioral Modification Drugs Pt 2 (Short Term) > Flashcards

Behavioral Modification Drugs Pt 2 (Short Term) Flashcards

1
Q

When would you use short term/ event medication? How can it be helpful?

A
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2
Q

Can short term meds be used long term?

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3
Q

When are the indications for short term event medications?

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4
Q

What are the common classes of short term psychoactives? What are examples of each?

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5
Q

What is the Mechanism of action for SARIs like Trazodone?

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6
Q

What are indications / Uses of trazodone?

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7
Q

What is the most common/ short term event medication?

A

Trazodone

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8
Q

What percent of owners are satisfied with their animals behavioral change when using trazodone?

A

90%

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9
Q

How many/what percent of dog owners seek treatment for their dog for noise aversion (storm phobia, fireworks, etc.), per recent studies
a.) Nearly all or most >75 %
b.) Many (51-75%)
c.) Approximately half (`50%)
d.) Some (~25 -40%)
e.) Few (< 20%)
f.) None (0%)

A

e.) few

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10
Q

Which psychoactive drugs can be used for daily (long-term) AND/OR event (short-term) use? (you may choose more than 1)
a.) Fluoxetine
b.) Trazadone
c.) Clomipramine
d.) Gabapentin
e.) Buspirone
f.) Acepromazine
g.) Lorazepam

A

b.) Trazodone
d.) Gabapentin

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11
Q

What is Dr. Contreras’ favorite medication?

A

Fluoxetine

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12
Q

For noise aversion: What is the intervention that has been proven for success ( the only one)?

A
  • Desensitization occurs -> maladaptive behaviors decreases -> you can reduce dose in these circumstances.
  • Works really well for this.
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13
Q

When may trazodone be indicated for use?

A
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14
Q

What category of medicine does trazodone fall under? What properties does it have?

A

▪Atypical antidepressant (via SERT inh → incr serotonin)
* Sedative properties ( antihistamine & alpha1 adrenergic antagonist)

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15
Q

What are the important pharmacologic properties if trazodone?

A

Blue crossed out area will not be tested on

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16
Q

What is the dosing frequency of trazodone? What is the efficacy of onset of trazodone?

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17
Q

What are the positive, non adverse properties of trazodone?

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18
Q

What is the adverse side effects seen with trazodone?

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19
Q

What is the contraindications or reasons to use caution when prescribing trazodone?

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20
Q

What is Sileo ? What is the indications/ uses? What is it FDA approved for?

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21
Q

What is the dosing information for Sileo?

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22
Q

What is the efficacy/ onset of Sileo?

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23
Q

What are the side effects of Sileo? What is the reversal for it?

A

Reversal for dexmedetomidine: Atipamezole (but owners
won’t have access to that)

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24
Q

What is important information for owners to remember when administering sileo?

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25
Q

What is clonidine? How does it work?

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26
Q

What is the uses/ indications of clonidine? What is the efficacy/ onset?

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27
Q

What are the adverse effects/ contraindications of Clonidine?

A
28
Q

Can you suffer from withdrawal syndromes when abruptly stopping clonidine?

A
29
Q

Are there concerns with specific breeds/ conditions when giving clonidine ? (FYI)

A

Yes with the high sedative effect, use caution in Brachycephalic’s, pitbulls, and animals with regurgitation issues!

30
Q

What is gabapentin?

A
31
Q

What are the uses/ indications for gabapentin?

A
32
Q

What is the efficacy/ onset and duration of action for gabapentin?

A
33
Q

What is the adverse effects and contraindications of gabapentin? What is the most important thing to remember about this?

A

Most important:
▪Eliminated near exclusively via kidney
▪Caution with kidney disease! (adjust dose)

34
Q

FYI:

A
35
Q

What is Imepitoin? What are the indications/ uses?

A
36
Q

Is Imepitoin (Pexion®) used alot in the US?

A

No its not available here in the us.

37
Q

Is Clonidine prescribed frequently?

A

No, it is usually just prescribed by behaviorists.

38
Q

What are issues of use of imepitoin? What adverse effects can occur?

A

She will not ask about these things since she is not 100% certain on if this is true.

39
Q

What are the more commonly used Benzodiazepines?

A
40
Q

What is the reversal drug for benzodiazepines? What is important to remember about these drugs?

A
41
Q

What is the benefit of benzodiazepines in terms of its onset?

A
42
Q

What is the positive uses of benzodiazepines?

A
43
Q

What are the negative effects that could occur with benzodiazepines?

A
44
Q

What is alprazolam? What is the Duration/ what is it good to use for?

A
45
Q

What is the shortest acting benzodiazepine?

A

Alprazolam

46
Q

What is diazepam? What is its duration? What is its features?What can it be used for?

A
47
Q

Who should you not use diazepam in?

A

▪Do NOT use in cats (idiosyncratic hepatic failure)

48
Q

What drug has more sedative properties? Alprazolam or Diazepam

A

Diazepam

49
Q

What is Lorazepam? What is the duration of action? What is the benefit of this drug?

A
50
Q

What is the best choice of benzodiazepine for cats? Why?

A

Lorazepam

51
Q

What is clonazepam? What is the benefit of this medication? When is its use ideal?

A
52
Q

What is the longest acting benzodiazepine?

A

Clonazepam

53
Q

What kind of medication is acepromazine?

A
54
Q

TRUE or FALSE: Acepromazine is an effective anxiolytic

A

FALSE.
▪ NOT an ANXIOLYTIC → it does NOT DECREASE ANXIETY
▪ It is a SEDATIVE / TRANQUILIZER

55
Q

What is acepromazine? What is it FDA approved for? When is it best used?

A
56
Q

What is most important to remember about acepromazine?

A
57
Q

What are potential negative issues that can occur with acepromazine use? What should you be cautious of?

A
58
Q

What is the time to onset of acepromazine? What is the duration of action?

A
59
Q

What is Dr. Contreras’ preferred medications for separation anxiety, repetitive/ OCD behaviors, aggression, inter- cat conflict, noise aversion, canine cognitive dysfunction?

A

Dr. Contreras Favorite -> Fluoxetine

60
Q

What is polytherapy? What should you be considering or questioning when you are making decisions about the medications to use in your patient?

A
61
Q

What is the behavioral issue Johann has?
How would you treat Johann?

A
62
Q

What is the behavioral issue Pedro has?
How would you treat Pedro?

A
63
Q

What is Dr. Contreras’ preferred medication uses for polytherapy in animals with separation anxiety, inter cat conflict, and noise aversion?

A
64
Q

FYI
What supplements can you find for various animal behavior issues?

A
65
Q

What is important to remember when administering these different drugs? What should you consider whenever you are evaluating efficacy?

A
66
Q

What is the most important thing to remember when managing your, and the owners expectation on the success of behavioral modification medications?

A

Takes time, don’t give up so quickly. What are realistic expectation for you and the owners.

Intro to Pharmacology (31 decks)

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