Behavioral Science 2: Sensation and Perception Flashcards
(17 cards)
Outer Ear
- Pinna (auricle)
- External auditory canal
- Tympanic membrane
Middle Ear
Connected to nasal cavity by Eustachian tube
Ossicles: Acronym MIS & HAS
Malleus - Hammer
Incus - Anvil
Stapes - Stirrup
Footplate of stapes rests in the oval window of cochlea
Inner Ear
Bony Labyrinth: filled with perilymph
Membranous Labyrinth: filled with endolymph
Membranous labyrinth consists of cochlea, utricle & saccule, and semicircular canals
Superior Olive
Localizes sound; Located in the brain stem
Inferior Colliculus
Startle reflex; used by both eyes and ears in the vestibulo-ocular reflex which keeps the eyes fixed on a single point as the head rotates.
Auditory Pathway
Cochlea, vestibulocochlear nerve, medial geniculate nucleus (MGN), auditory cortex
Smell
The detection of volatile or aerosolized chemicals by the olfactory chemoreceptors in the olfactory epithelium
Smell info bypasses the thalamus
Phermones
Chemicals given off by animals that have an effect on social foraging and sexual behavior
Taste
The detection of dissolved compounds by taste buds in papillae. Sweet/sour/salty/bitter/umami
Somatosensation
Refers to the four touch modalities.
- Pressure
- Vibration
- Pain
- Temperature
Two-Point Threshold
Minimum distance necessary between 2 points of stimulation on the skin such that the points will be felt as two distinct stimuli
Physiological Zero
The normal temp of skin to which objects are compared to
Nociceptors
Pain reception; gate theory of pain; decrease JND for pain
Kinesthetic Sense
Proprioception; the body ability to sense its own position and movement
Top-Down Processing
The recognition of an object by memories and expectations
Little attention to detail; uses background knowledge
Bottom-Up Processing
details -> whole; recognizes objects by feature detection
Not influenced by background knowledge
Gestalt Principle
Proximity, similarity, continuity, closure. All are governed by the Law of Pragnanz
