behaviour modification of CV and respiratory health Flashcards
1
Q
describe the components of health promotion? 10
A
- information/ knowledge
- beliefs
- motivation and persistence (to overcome setbacks)
- skills
- plans
- opportunities
- habits
- feedback and rewards
- support
- environmental context
2
Q
describe the smack, shove, nudge system? 3
A
- smacks:eliminate choice- legislation-smoking bans, drinking age limits
- shoves: restrict choice-fat tax, sugar tax, minimum unit pricing
- nudges: guide and enable healthier choices, options more visible
3
Q
what are individual cognitive factors? 9
A
- Perceived susceptibility
- Perceived severity
- Perceived benefits
- Perceived barriers + actual barriers
- Attitudes
- Normative beliefs
- Self-efficacy
- Motivation
- Behavioural skills
4
Q
describe a systemic review of the NHS smoking cessation programme? 4
A
- Effective for supporting smokers to quit in the short and longer term
- Group interventions may be more effective than 1-1 interventions
- Buddy systems may increase effectiveness of 1-1 interventions
- Intensity of intervention appears to be integral to efficacy
5
Q
describe relapse and recovery? 4
A
- Relapse is very common among smokers who make a quit attempt
- Systematic review of relapse prevention programmes found support for programmes overall, but little evidence to support the use of any specific behavioural interventions
- Evidence is strongest for interventions focused on identifying and managing tempting situations and strategies
- Combining behaviour therapy and nicotine replacement may be most effective
6
Q
explain how psychosocial interventions can alleviate stress? 6
A
- This can lead to better outcomes
- Cultivating resilience and adaptive responses to stressful situations had been identified as an important part of secondary prevention of CVD
skills for coping with serious illness - Stress management
- Counteracting anxiety and depression
- Relaxation techniques
- Improving social relations and social support
7
Q
what makes patients less likely to attend rehabilitation? 7
A
- Less chest pain or other symptoms
- Less understanding of their condition
- Less belief that their condition is controllable
- Lower income
- Living alone
- Perceive health professionals to downplay importance of exercise
- Believe medication is more important for promoting health
8
Q
describe cardiac rehabilitation? 6
A
- Health promotion/education
- Behaviour change
- Stress management
- Psychotherapy for depression/anxiety
- Support groups
- Choices should be tailored to needs and preferences of patient
9
Q
describe SMART goals? 9
A
- To be ready to change a person needs to believe that:
- Their current behaviour is bad for them
- They will be better off if they change
- They will have a good chance of succeeding if they try to change
- Specific
- Measure able
- Achievable
- Relevant
- Time-limited
10
Q
describe motivational interviewing? 5
A
- Approach that helps people
- Overcome ambivalence about behaviour change
- Enhance commitment to change
- Enhance motivation to change
- Address barriers to change
11
Q
how do we facilitate self-monitoring and behaviour change in asthma? 5
A
- Patient centred interventions:
- Education and skill development- monitoring lung function and triggers
- Developing action plans
- Modifying unhelpful illness beliefs
This causes less hospitalisation or other use of health care, and less school/work absenteeism
