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Topic 5: Approaches in Psychology > Behavioural Approach > Flashcards

Behavioural Approach Flashcards

1
Q

Explain Behaviourism

A

All behaviour is learnt and nothing is innate - we are born as a blank state

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2
Q

Classical conditioning is learnt via:

A

Association

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3
Q

Pavlov’s Dog: Before conditioning

A

Food: UCS
Food = Salivation: UCR
Tuning fork: NR

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4
Q

Pavlov’s Dog: During conditioning

A
  • Food + tuning = Salivation
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5
Q

Pavlov’s Dog: After conditioning

A

Tuning fork: CS

Tuning fork: = Salivation: CR

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6
Q

Operant Conditioning is learnt via:

A

Reinforcement

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7
Q

Describe positive reinforcement

A

Rewarded

Therefore - behaviour repeated

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8
Q

Describe negative reinforcement

A

Avoid negative stimulus through performing behaviour

Therefore - behaviour repeated

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9
Q

Describe punishment

A

Consequences to your behaviour

therefore: not likely to repeat the behaviour

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10
Q

What’s the first stage of Skinner’s Rat

A

Rats in a box with a lever
Everytime rats were in 1 half of the box with lever:
rats rewarded a sugar pellet

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11
Q

Skinner changed this so if the rats were in 1/4 of the box, and made this smaller every time. Until eventually:

A

Rats would press the lever to a receive a sugar pellet

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12
Q

What reinforcement was Skinner’s rat done under?

A

Positive reinforcement`

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13
Q

Which scientist used classical conditioning?

A

Pavlov with Pavlov’s dog

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14
Q

Which scientist used operant conditioning?

A

Skinner with Skinner’s rat

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15
Q

Give a brief explanation of Little Albert’s rat phobia

A 
Neutral Stimulus: rat
Unconditioned stimulus: when rat foes up to child a noise is made
Unconditioned response: fear & panic
Conditioned stimulus: all rats
Conditioned response: fear of rats
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16
Q

Now explain again but in greater detail

A

before conditioning - Little Albert - no fear of rats. BUT Watson made a sound when rat approached Albert - inflicted unconditioned response - fear & panic. Watson repeated process - turning rat into conditioned stimulus and conditioned response being fear & panic

Topic 5: Approaches in Psychology (13 decks)

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