Bevington 6

Question 1

Apoptosis vs Necrosis (enzymes)

Answer 1

Contained, Cell-programmed triggering of caspases followed by death
VS
Death outside of cell’s control, spilling cell contents e.g. proteases often triggering neighbouring necrosis

Question 2

Describe process of efferocytosis

Answer 2

• Cell ‘commits suicide’
• Exterior flagged with proteins signalling for cell removal
• Cell is engulfed by phagocyte
• Corpse is safely digested, leaving no trace
  Efferocytosis is largely why cells are rarely observed undergoing apoptosis

Question 3

What happens to phosphatidylserine to trigger cell engulfment?

Answer 3

Phosphatidylserine is exclusively found on the inner bilayer in regular cells - PS is flipped to the outer layer signal phagocytes to phagocytose the cell

Question 4

Why will bacteria undergo apoptosis under rare circumstances?

Answer 4

To release nutrients to aid survival of surrounding bacteria

Question 5

Definition of a virus?

Answer 5

Autonomous nucleic acid/protein complexes which replicate inside prokaryotes or eukaryotes using the host cell’s replication machinery

Question 6

Importance of positive control?

Answer 6

Determines if your experimental method is adequate for finding/providing legitimate results