BIO 169 FINAL EXAM Flashcards
(166 cards)
1
Q
what makes synovial fluid
A
synovial membrane
2
Q
what is not a description synovial joint
A
minimal range of motion
3
Q
normal wear and tear of joint
A
osteoarthritis
4
Q
what is not an accessory found in synovial joint
A
symphysis
5
Q
example of synthosis joint
A
epiphyseal line
6
Q
type of joint that has no ROM
A
synarthrosis
7
Q
parathyroid hormone activate
A
osteoclast
8
Q
what hormone acts on itself
A
autocrine
9
Q
receptor bind non-lipid on
A
plasma membrane
10
Q
what is insulin
A
polypeptide/protein based
11
Q
thyroid gland release all except
A
aldoesterone
12
Q
adrenal cortex release what hormone
A
corticosteroid
13
Q
sex hormone are examples of (testosterone and estrogen)
A
steroid hormone
14
Q
what happens during second messenger
A
G protein activated
15
Q
cyclic AMP is a type of what?
A
second messenger
16
Q
what is produced when glucose is low?
A
glucagon is produced
17
Q
where endocrine (glandular) found?
A
anterior pituitary gland
18
Q
active form of thyroid hormone
A
T3
19
Q
what secrete epinephrine and norepinephrine
A
adrenal medulla
20
Q
what does pineal gland secrete
A
melatonin
21
Q
aldosterone released from
A
adrenal gland
22
Q
what happens when insulin binds to target cell
A
glucose enters the cell
23
Q
what is not a formed element in the blood
A
albumin
24
Q
kidney release all except
A
thyroxine
25
what does the posterior pituitary gland release?
ADH/OXT
26
hormone that binds to extracellular response can be
all the above
27
what do adipose produce?
leptin
28
what is not released by the hypothalamus
norepinephrine
29
what regulate circadian rhythmn
melatonin
30
cause of type 2DM
does not respond to insulin
31
endocrine pancreas
pancreas islet
32
erythropoietin release to promote
RBC
33
hemophilia
unable to produce clot
34
what vitamin is need to produce clotting factor
vitamin K
35
order of WBC
Never let monkeys eat bananas
Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monotype, eosinophil, basophil
36
mechanism RBC regeneration
iron secreted through urine not recycle
37
what cell mature in bone marrow
B cell and NK cell
38
what white blood cell increase during allergic reaction or parasitic infection
eosinophil
39
what is it called after megakaryocyte pinch off
platelet
40
common pathway for coagulation
thrombin converted to prothrombin
41
erythrocyte has what kind of property
has bi-concave property
42
what cause anemia
all the above
43
Papillary muscle are called
chordae tendinae
44
what is aneurysm
expand weaken arterial wall
45
NFP capillary bed push fluid into what
tissue
46
after blood exit capillary bed it enters
venules
47
cardiac output
HR x SV
48
RAAS is due to
low BP or volume
49
Cardiovascular medulla oblongata
ABC
50
isovolume contraction
first ventricular systole
51
pulmonary circuit
pulmonary arteries to lungs, return pulmonary vein to heart
52
preload- stretch occur during?
ventricular diastole
53
heart murmur
sound caused by turbulent blood flow
54
QSR complex
ventricular depolarization
55
pericarditis
Excess fluid in pericardial cavity; inflamed pericardial surface
56
intercalated disc use
gap junction
57
lack of oxygen blood flow to cardiac muscle
angina pectoris
58
order of electrical conduction
SA node, AV node, bundle of his, bundle branches, purkinje fibers
59
angiotensen II
all the above
60
what happens during late ventricular diastole
passive filling of blood
61
peripheral vascular resistance
all factor impact resistance
62
% end diastolic volume ejected during ventricular contraction
ejection fraction
63
elastic lamina is found in which vessel
arteries
64
calcium ion into the cell during the action potential of contractile cardiac cell
plateau phase
65
coronary sinus function
collect venous blood of coronary circulation
66
regular profusion of blood through capillary bed
precapillary sphincter
67
increase in ventricular volume return
increase in stroke volume
68
t-wave represent
ventricular systole
69
pacemaker potential
Gradual depolarization of pacemaker cells
70
vaso vasorum
supply blood to externa tunica
71
increase CO2, lactate, H+ concentrate, decrease in pH
local vaso dialator
72
fatty deposit in lumen of arteries
atherosclerotic plaque
73
first menstrual period
menarche
74
movement of air into and out of the respiratory
pulmonary ventilation
75
hyperventilate cause
hypocapnea
76
quiet breathing expiration
passive
77
inhalation occur when pressure in lungs is ________atmospheric pressure
below
78
respiratory function is controlled by what centers
medulla and pons
79
the most common respiratory transport
bicarbonate
80
what is found in lower respiratory
larynx
81
air pass through this opening to produce sound
glottis
82
where is gas exchange
alveoli sac
83
exchange of gas at the peripheral
internal respiration
84
when pH is low
Oxygen bind tightly to hemoglobin
85
what keep alveoli from collapsing
surfactant
86
primary mechanism for transporting oxygen
bind to hemoglobin
87
when central chemoreceptor detect CO2 what is initiated
inhalation
88
what prevents food from entering trachea following swallowing
epiglottis
89
angiotensin II does not cause the release of what?
naturetic hormone
90
superior portion of pharyngeal
nasopharynx
91
block blood vessel by fat, air, or blood close
embolism
92
vocal fold is found where
larynx
93
normal condition NFR push fluid how?
push fluid out of glomerular capillary
94
where is most filtration volume absorb
PCT
95
what brings urine from kidney to the bladder
ureter
96
Juxtaglomerular cells secrete?
renin
97
urinary system does not produce what
angiotensin
98
kidney is regulated by what system
sympathetic
99
most nephron is found in what part of the kidney
cortical
100
aldoesterone act
increase Na and H2O retention in plasma
101
movement of solute blood to tubular fluid
secretion
102
substance too large to filter in glomerulus
secreted in DCT
103
what structure collect urine
renal pelvis
104
metabolic waste
creatine, urea, uric acid
105
where are podocyte located
glomerular filtration membrane
106
primary, milk teeth, or baby teeth
deciduous teeth
107
parotid glands found near
zygomatic
108
another word for deglutition
swallowing
109
dome portion of stomach
fundus
110
what produce intrinsic factor/HCL
parietal cell
111
what secrete pepsinogen
chief cell
112
what gastric gland produce gastrin
g cell
113
though of food, smell, sight associate what phase
cephalic phase
114
exocrine secretion of pancreas
pancreatic acini
115
distention of stomach stimulate motility and secretion of intestine
gastroenteric
116
what does secretin release
pancreatic buffer
117
CCK release
pancreatic enzyme/release bile into duodenum (A and B)
118
digestive enzyme leave digestive track and enter
Hepatic portal system
119
Bile produce in
Liver
120
globule into droplet
emulsification
121
what take fat to liver
lacteal
122
brush border enzyme is found in intestinal microvilli
all the above
123
large intestine form _______ around small intestine
horsehoe
124
large intestine absorb or resabsorb
water, nutrient, organic waste, and bile
125
lymphoid tissue
spleen and thymus
126
what empties into left subclavian vein
thoracic duct
127
type of nodule
tonsil
128
what has white pulp and red pulp
spleen
129
spleen functions
filter lymph fluid
130
b cells undergo
sensitization
131
cytotoxic t cells
MCH 8
132
helper T cells does not
clone toxic T cells
133
B cells activated
Plasma cell
134
IGM
first to arrive
135
IGG
can cross placenta
136
IGA
secretion
137
IGE
inflammation
138
IGD
bind to antigen on surface of B cell
139
secondary response
increase IGM production and in greater quantities
140
Type I DM is
autoimmune disorder
141
cytokine that destroys pathogen barrier
perferin
142
cells found in thymus
t cells
143
luteal correspond to which uterine cycle phase
secretory
144
the stage of meiosis will produce secondary oocyte and
polar body
145
lining of the uterine wall that is shed with menses
funcitonal layer
146
follicles form the structure within the ovaries
corpus luteum
147
target cells for follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Sertoli (nurse cells)
148
gamete of male reproductive system
sperm
149
the exit of male semen from male body through the urethra is referred to as
ejaculation
150
structure of mature sperm that contain enzyme necessary for fertilization
acromsome
151
cell division that is unique to productive cells is called
meoisis
152
the spermatic chord passes through this region as it exits the abdominopelvic cavity
inguinal canal
153
secretion of the bulbourethral gland are
alkaline
154
hormones that initiate felling of bonding associated with sexual response
oxytocin
155
raise thickening in scrotal surface that divides scrotum into L/R
raphe
156
layer of skeletal muscle deep to dermis that cause scrotum to move closer to the above due to drop in temp or sexual arousal
cremaster
157
location of sperm production
seminiferous tubules
158
androgen hormone of male reproductive system
testosterone
159
tubular gland that produce most of semen volume
seminal gland
160
two cylindrical mass of erectile tissue
copora cavernosa
161
structure that isolate seminiferous tubules from general circulation
blood testis barrier
162
process where sperm becomes motile
capacitation
163
inferior portion of uterine body that extends from isthmus of vagina
cervix
164
what carries oocyte to uterus
uterine tube
165
Surface between public symphysis and coçcyx
Perineum
166
Sperm stored in epididymis
Is mature but immotile
