Female Reproductive System Flashcards
(130 cards)
1
Q
name the uterine layer
A
perimetrium, myometrium and endometrium
2
Q
what is the perimetrium made of?
A
incomplete serous membrane
3
Q
what is the myometrium made of?
A
thick muscular layer
4
Q
what is the endometrium made of
A
thin glandular layer
5
Q
*inferior portion of the uterine body that extends from isthmus of vagina
A
cervix
6
Q
constricted passageway opening to the uterine cavity
A
cervical canal
7
Q
connect cervical canal to uterine cavity
A
internal os
8
Q
opening at the distal end of cervix
A
external os
9
Q
this ligament prevent posterior movement
A
round ligament
10
Q
this ligament prevent inferior movement
A
cardinal ligament
11
Q
this ligament prevent inferior-anterior movement
A
uterosacral ligament
12
Q
fertilized oocyte from week 1-8
A
embryo
13
Q
embryo from week 9 to delivery
A
fetus
14
Q
cells found in uterine tube that supply nutrient to sperm and pre-embryo
A
peg cells
15
Q
this cell secrete fluids that complete the capacitation of sperm in female reproductive tract
A
peg cell
16
Q
tube that carry oocyte to uterus
A
uterine tube (fallopian tube)
17
Q
parts of uterine tube
A
fimbria, infundibulum, ampulla, then isthmus
18
Q
what makes up the lining of the uterine tube
A
- ciliated columnar epithelium cells
- scattered mucin-secreting cells
19
Q
layers of the ovary
A
- stroma
- outer cortex
- inner medulla
20
Q
where are gamete produced in ovary
A
cortex
21
Q
what are the ovary covered in?
A
visceral peritoneum (germinal epithelium)
22
Q
this vessel extends from ovary to pelvic wall
A
suspensory ligament
23
Q
this vessel extends from uterus to ovary
A
ovarian ligament
24
Q
this structure is a thickened fold of mesentery and is found between the ovarian ligament and uterine tube
A
mesovarium
25
a pocket between the uterus and posterior wall of the bladder
vesico-uterine pouch
26
a pocket between posterior wall of uterus and anterior surface of colon
retro-uterine pouch
27
This mesentery enclosed the ovary, uterine tube, and the uterus
broad ligament
28
fusion of male and female gamete; fertilized egg
zygote
29
this structure enclosed and support developing embryo
uterus
30
surface area between pubic symphysis and coccyx
perineum
31
gonads
organs that produce gamete (reproductive cells) and hormones
32
bands of connective tissue that extends from dermis to pectoral tissue
suspensory ligament of breast
33
mammary gland leaves lobules and form this vessel
lactiferous duct
34
lactiferous duct expand into this chamber
lactiferous sinus
35
this gland secrete fluid for lubrication similar in prostate gland
lesser vestibular gland
36
this gland secrete mucus near vaginal entrance during sexual arousal similar to bulbourethral gland
greater vestibular gland
37
small projectile in vestibule that is involve sexual response
clitoris
38
central space bounded by small folds (labia minora)
vestibule
39
area containing female external genitalia
vulva
40
ovum production that begin at birth, accelerate during puberty, and ends at menopause
oogenesis
41
atresia
degeneration of oocyte
42
degeneration of oocyte
atresia
43
month event for maturation of oocyte (egg)
ovarian cycle
44
steps leading to preparation of uterus for implantation of fertilized egg
uterine cycle
45
stages of ovarian cycle
1. follicular phase (day 1-14)
2. ovulation
3. luteal phase (day 15-28)
46
release of the egg
ovulation
47
female reproductive stem cells in the fetal ovaries
oogonia
48
2 diploid daughter cell after oogonia has undergone mitosis
primary oocyte
49
when oogenesis tapers, then ceases
menopause
50
found in the cortex of ovaries; where oocytes grow and meiosis I occur
ovarian follicles
51
cluster of primary oocytes in ovarian cortex
egg nest
52
oocyte surrounded by follicular cells
primordial ovarian follicles
53
primordial ovarian follicles turn into this during puberty upon activation
primary ovarian follicles
54
follicular cells divide forming a ring around primary oocyte
zona granulosa
55
area where microvilli of follicle cells and surface of oocyte interact
zona pallucida
56
accumulation of follicular fluids from secondary follicles in the follicular late phase
antrum
57
developed from enlarge secondary follicle
tertiary follicle (Graafian follicle; mature)
58
differentiate from surrounding stroma cell
thecal cell
59
what does thecal cell produce
estrogen
60
unequal cell division
polar body
61
granulosa cell that remain associated with secondary oocyte
corona radiata
62
form from remaining granulosa cell under stimulation of LH
corpus luteum
63
why is corpus luteum called yellow body
made of cholesterol
64
this hormone is produced from the cholesterol in the corpus luteum
progesterone
65
how long does the corpus luteum stay active for?
12 days
66
when the corpus luteum degenerate if fertilization does not occur
corpus albicans
67
fibroblast invade and form scar tissue
corpus albican
68
first uterine cycle that begins at early puberty around the age of 11 or 12
menarche
69
phase of uterine cycle
1. menstruation phase
2. proliferation phase
3. secretory phase
70
how many days does menstruation last
day 1-5 (5 days)
71
how many days does proliferation last?
day 6-14 (8 days)
72
menstruation and proliferation occurs during what stage of ovarian cycle?
follicular
73
how many days does the secretory phase last
14 days (day 15-28)
74
what stage does the secretory phase occur during the ovarian cycle
luteal phase
75
what happens during menstrual phase
the functional layer of the epithelium of endometrium shed
76
what happens during the proliferation phase?
the lining of the epithelium of endometrium is rebuilt
77
what happens during the secretory phase?
enhance function; prepare uterus for fertilization
78
painful menstruation
dysmenorrhea
79
estradiol
most abundant estrogen
dominant hormone prior to ovulation
80
absence of menstruation
amenorrhea
81
failure to initiate menstruation
primary amenorrhea
82
interruption of 6 months or more caused by stress weight loss
transient secondary amenorrhea
83
exchange of maternal and paternal genetic material that increase variation among offspring
crossing over
84
fingerlike projection at end of follicular tube
fimbriae
85
outer part of the uterine tube
infundibulum
86
secretion of female sex hormone
estrogen and progesterone
87
interior tissue of ovary
stroma
88
another name for uterine tube
oviduct
89
short segment between ampulla and the uterine wall
isthmus
90
middle segment of uterine tube
ampulla
91
where does fertilization occur
boundaries between ampulla and isthmus in the uterine tube
92
largest part of uterus
body
93
where does uterus end
isthmus
94
round portion of uterus
fundus
95
inferior portion of uterus
cervix
96
name of arteries found in myometrium and encircle endometrium
arcuate arteries
97
thickest layer and contains most of the uterine gland
functional layer
98
these vessels supply straight artery
radial arteries
99
where are the straight arteries found
basal layer
100
where are the spiral arteries found
functional layer
101
why does the basal layer not shed
straight arteries support the basal layer
102
elastic muscular tube found between cervix and vestibule
vagina
103
muscle found on either side of vagina
bulbospongiosus muscle
104
this structure enlarge during sexual arousal similar to corpus spongiosum
bulb of vestibule
105
elastic epithelial fold that blocks entrance of vagina
hyman
106
what vessel innervate vagina
hypogastric plexus
sacral nerve S2-S4
107
inflammation of vagina caused by fungi, bacteria, or parasite
vaginitis
108
another name for vulva
pudedum
109
anesthesia procedure used during labor and delivery
segmental blocks (epidural/spinal anesthesia)
110
this hormone causes uterine glands, blood vessel and epithelium to change monthly
estrogen
111
thickest protion of uterine wall and contribute to 90% of the mass
myometrium
112
this lining contribute 10% mass of the uterus
endometrium
113
endometrium is divided into how many layers
1. functional layer
2. basal layer
114
which layer contain terminal branches of tubular uterine gland
basal layer
115
function of vagina
1. passaway
2. sperms
3. birth canal
116
shallow recess surrounding cervical protusion
vagina fornix
117
what lines the vaginal canal
rugae
118
erectile tissue of vagina
bulb of vestibule
119
extension of labia minora forms what?
prepuce
120
what forms outer margins of vulva
mons pubis and labia majora
121
means to produce milk
lactation
122
location of mammary glands
pectoral adipose tissue
123
where does the mammary duct exit
nipple
124
what is the area that surrounds the nipple
areolar
125
what activated mammary glands?
pregnancy
126
what does surge of LH cause
End of meiosis I to complete in mature follicle
127
when does Meiosis II complete
fertilization
128
what increase pulse frequency
estrogen
129
what decrease pulse frequency
progesterone
130
GnRH stimulate the release of what hormone
LH and FSH
