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bio 20 > bio 20 unit two review > Flashcards

bio 20 unit two review Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

topic 1-ecology

A

study of living and non living things and their relationships

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2
Q

biotic

A

living things e.g plants and animals

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3
Q

abiotic

A

non living things e.g sunlight,rocks,water,soil,etc

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4
Q

limiting factors

A

any resource or condition that lowers the success of an organism e.g (biotic) predators,competition, food,parasites,human interference,etc
(abiotic) space,temperature,water,light,weather,shelter

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5
Q

levels of organization in biosphere

A

Orange People Can’t Ever Be Blue

organism, population,community, ecosystem, biome and biosphere

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6
Q

organism

A

a living thing

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7
Q

population

A

a group of organisms of the same species,place and time

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8
Q

community

A

2 or more populations in an area

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9
Q

ecosystem

A

the functional unit of the biosphere where interactions between biotic and abiotic things take place

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10
Q

biome

biosphere

A

large ecosystem based on climate e.g rainforest, tundra, grassland

part of earth that can sustain life

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11
Q

levels of organization in an individual organism

A

OCTOSO

organelle,cell,tissue,organ,organ system,complete organism

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12
Q

taxonomy

A

the study of the classification of all living things

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13
Q

taxon(hierarchical classification)

A 
Did King Phillip Come Over For Grape Soda 
Domain
Kingdom 
Phylum
Class
Order
Family 
Genus 
Species
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14
Q

3 domains

A

Archaea-ancient bacteria
Eubacteria-true bacteria
Eukarya-eukaryotes

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15
Q

6 kingdoms

A 
Archaea
Eubacteria
Protista 
Fungi 
Animalia
Plantae
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16
Q

species

A

a group of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring

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17
Q

binomial nomenclature

A

each organism has a 2 part scientific name which is genus and species e.g homo(genus) sapiens(species)

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18
Q

dichotomous key

A

a device used to easily identify an unknown organism

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19
Q

topic 2-biogeochemical nomenclature

A

cycle of transferring nutrients from the environment to an organism

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20
Q

open ecosystem

A

energy and matter can flow in and out

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21
Q

processes in water cycle

A

cellular respiration- gives off water

transpiration- gives off water

photosynthesis- uses water 6CO2+ 6H2O= C6H12O6 + 6O2

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22
Q

transpiration

A

loss of water through leaves

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23
Q

precipitation

A

rain, snow, sleet or hail

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24
Q

standing water

A

holds water on land. lakes and swamps

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25
ground water
holds water underground
26
evaporation
water changes from liquid to gas
27
condensation
water changes from gas to liquid | CLOUDS
28
Run-off
returns water to oceans, lakes, streams
29
acid rain
precipitation with a low PH. caused by sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrous oxides (NOx) (gases)
30
sulfur dioxide (SO2)
from industries. mixes with water in air to make sulfuric acid
31
nitrous oxides (NOx)
from fertilizers and car exhaust. mix with water to form nitric acid
32
effects of acid rain
kill crops, forests, fish, soil bacteria and corrodes metal
33
solutions for acid rain
scrubbers in smoke stacks, add lime to lakes to increase PH, less car emissions, walk, ride a bike or take the bus.
34
carbon in living things
trapped and stored by photosynthesis and chemosynthesis. released by respiration, decomposition and combustion
35
carbon in non living things
most carbon is found in oceans and rocks, shells and corals. only 0.03% of atmosphere is CO2
36
respiration
uses oxygen, gives off CO2
37
combustion
uses oxygen and releases carbon dioxide
38
decomposition
uses oxygen but gives off carbon dioxide
39
photosynthesis
uses carbon dioxide but releases oxygen
40
chemosynthesis
uses carbon dioxide to make glucose. happens near deep sea vents on bottom of ocean
41
greenhouse effect
carbon dioxide in atmosphere traps heat in due to burning of fossil fuels and deforestation
42
solutions to greenhouse effect
decrease burning of fossil fuels and deforestation
43
ozone holes
ozone (O3) is broke down by CFC’s causing holes in the layer. ozone protects earth from UV radiation
44
effects of ozone holes
skin cancer, eye problems and aging of skin
45
uses of nitrogen
proteins (amino acid) cells nucleic acids- DNA & RNA
46
3 parts of the nitrogen cycle
nitrogen fixation nitrification denitrification
47
nitrogen fixation
lightning and bacteria convert nitrogen (N2) into nitrates (NO3-)
48
nitrification cycle
plants absorbs nitrates and make proteins. animals eat plants. both plants and animals die. bacteria then breaks them down into ammonium (NH4-) then nitrites (NO2-) then nitrates (NO3-)
49
denitrification
anaerobic bacteria converts nitrates into nitrogen gas leaving in tightly packed soil with no oxygen
50
uses of phosphorus
cell membranes, ATP, DNA, RNA, bones
51
phosphorus cycle
``` long term(abiotic) rocks, erosion, ocean, rocks ``` ``` short term(biotic) plants absorb phosphates- animals eat plants, they die and decompose ```
52
fertilizers
nitrogen- green plants phosphorus- flowers potassium- health
53
overuse of fertilizers
too many nitrates become nitric acid, so lower the soil PH. cause death of plants
54
eutrophication
death of a lake. too many phosphates and nitrogen from sewage, detergents and fertilizers cause algae bloom in lakes
55
topic 3- autotroph
self feeders or producers that require energy form the sun and they trap and store energy through a process called photosynthesis or chemosynthesis e.g algae, bacteria, green plants
56
heterotroph
consumers that require a source of chemical energy and basic organic molecules. NO photosynthesis as they feed on plants or other heterotrophs e.g fungi, animals
57
habitat
where an organism lives
58
niche
a populations complete role in an ecosystem an organisms job includes biotic and abiotic factors needed for survival
59
3 niches
producer- plant consumer- animal decomposer- bacteria
60
herbivore
eats plants
61
carnivore
eats animals
62
omnivore
eats both plants and animals
63
scavenger
eats dead animals e.g vultures, insects, possum
64
detritivore
feeds on dead and decaying matter

bio 20 (3 decks)

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