BIO 255.24 Chapter 18 Flashcards
(28 cards)
The study of blood is called _______.
Hematology
What are the components of blood?
- Formed elements
- Extracellular matrix: plasma
What is hematocrit?
The proportion of blood volume that is occupied by red blood cells
Name the three types of plasma proteins.
- Albumin
- Globulin
- Fibrinogen
What is the function of albumin?
Transport, viscosity, and osmolarity
What is the role of globulin?
Transport, clotting, immunity
What is the function of fibrinogen?
Blood clotting protein
Define erythropoiesis.
The process of producing red blood cells
What is hypoxemia?
A deficiency of oxygen in the blood
What is polycythemia?
Cancer of red bone marrow leading to an increase in RBCs
What is anemia?
Deficiency of RBCs or hemoglobin
List the three types of anemia.
- Erythropoiesis or hemoglobin synthesis
- Hemorrhagic anemia
- Hemolytic anemia
What is sickle-cell disease?
A genetic disorder affecting mostly people of African and Mediterranean descent
What are agglutinogens?
Antigens present on the surface of red blood cells
What are agglutinins?
Antibodies in the plasma that react against agglutinogens
If a person has Type A blood, then s/he has agglutinogen ____ and agglutinin____.
A; anti-B
If a person has Type B blood, then s/he has agglutinogen ____ and agglutinin____.
B; anti-A
If a person has Type AB blood, then s/he has agglutinogen ____ and agglutinin____.
AB; none
If a person has Type O blood, then s/he has agglutinogen ____ and agglutinin____.
none; anti-A and anti-B
What does the Rh factor indicate?
Presence or absence of Antigen D
What is erythroblastosis fetalis?
Hemolytic disease of the newborn due to Rh incompatibility
What is hemostasis?
The process of stopping bleeding
What triggers vascular spasm during hemostasis?
Injury leading to nociceptor activation and constriction
What is a thrombus?
A blood clot that forms in a vessel
