bio#3

Question 1

Describe Pyramid of Energy,

Answer 1

Pyramids of Energy show the amount of energy getting passed onto the next trophic level.

Question 2

Describe pyramid of biomass

Answer 2

Pyramids of biomass shows the amount of biomass on each level

Question 3

About how much energy is passed from one trophic level to the next?

Answer 3

10% of energy

Question 4

Ionic vs. covalent bonds -

Answer 4

Ionic bonds form between oppositely charged ions. Covalent bonds form when atoms share a pair of electrons.

Question 5

What is a Hydrogen bond?

Answer 5

It is an attraction between a slightly positive and negative atom.

Question 6

What are the characteristics of water?

Answer 6

High specific heat, Cohesion, and Adhesion.

Question 7

What type of bonds does this polarity allow?

Answer 7

The polarity in water allows for hydrogen bonds.

Question 8

Why is water a polar molecule

Answer 8

Water is a polar molecule because it made up of 2 slightly positive hydrogens & a slightly negative oxygen.

Question 9

Cohesion vs. adhesion

Answer 9

Cohesion is the attraction among molecules to itself. And adhesion is the attraction of molecules to different substances.

Question 10

What is the universal solvent

Answer 10

water

Question 11

How is High Specific Heat of water a property that is important to cells?

Answer 11

It absorbs the heat, which regulates cell temperature.

Question 12

What is pH? How is the pH scale set up?

Answer 12

pH is the measure of how acidic or basic a solution is. A pH scale is set up from 0-14, 0 being very acidic, 7 being neutral, and 14 being very basic.

Question 13

Define and then give the monomer and polymer for carbohydrate.

Answer 13

can be broken down to provide usable chemical energy for cells. Its monomer is monosaccharides, and its polymer is polysaccharides.

Question 14

Chemical formula for photosynthisis

Answer 14

6CO2 + 6H2O → 6O2 + C6H12O6

Question 15

What cells photosynthesis and in what organnell does it occur

Answer 15

Plant cells, in the chloroplast.

Question 16

Light Dependent Reactions

Answer 16

light energy to make two molecules needed for the next stage of photosynthesis

Question 17

Where in the chloroplast does light dependent reactions occur

Answer 17

Along the thylakoid membrane.

Question 18

What energy source gets light dependent reactions started

Answer 18

Light energy

Question 19

What substance is needed to use light energy.

Answer 19

The chlorophyll.

Question 20

What is used from the outside environment for light dependent reactions

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide and water.

Question 21

What is produced that is released into the environment for light dependent reactions

Answer 21

oxygen

Question 22

What is produced that is used in the light independent reactions?

Answer 22

Glucose

Question 23

Why do plants appear to be green in color?

Answer 23

Because plants reflect green and absorb all other colors.

Question 24

What is the role of ETC?

Answer 24

Transfers hydrogen ions from Photosystem 2 to Photosystem 1.

Question 25

Light independent Reactions

Answer 25

Carbon dioxide is modified by series of chemical reactions to form carbohydrates

Question 26

Light independent reactions can also be named

Answer 26

Calvin cycle

Question 27

Where in the chloroplast does light independent reactions occur

Answer 27

Stroma

Question 28

What is needed from the light dependent reactions?

Answer 28

Light

Question 29

What is used from the outside environment for light independenyt reactions

Answer 29

Carbon dioxide

Question 30

Balanced equation for cellular respiration

Answer 30

6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 31

What cells use cellular respiration and where does it take place

Answer 31

Both animal and plant cells do this. It takes place in the mitochondrion.

Question 32

What type of process is cellular respiration due to its use of oxygen?

Answer 32

Aerobic

Question 33

Glycolysis

Answer 33

series of reactions that extract energy from glucose by splitting it into two three-carbon molecules called pyruvate

Question 34

Cellular respiration

Answer 34

a series of chemical reactions that break down glucose to produce ATP

Question 35

What is produced Why is the net energy result only 2 ATP?

Answer 35

Pyruvate. Because it only makes 4 ATP and 2 of them were used.

Question 36

Is oxygen needed? If not, what do we call such processes?

Answer 36

No, it’s an anaerobic process