BIO (Ch. 2) Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is Metastasis?
The process of cancer cells breaking away from the original (primary) tumour and establishing a another (secondary) tumour somewhere else in the body.
What is an organelle?
A cell structure that performs a specific function for the cell (think organ)
What is the goal of cancer treatment?
To slow down the growth of the tumours and destroy as many cancer cells as possible
What are methods of cancer treatment?
Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy
What is a malignant tumour?
A tumour that interferes with the functioning of surrounding cells (a cancerous tumour)
What is the function of a golgi body?
A golgi body packages and transports proteins from the ER to other parts of the cell
What is the function of the nucleus?
The control centre of the cell; contains DNA
What is the function of the endoplasmic recticulum?
The ER; passageways that transport proteins within the cell
What is the function of the cell wall? In what kind of cell is it found?
Provides rigid structure and protection; made of cellulose. Found in plant cells.
What is the function of a ribosome?
Where protiens are made in the cell; look like dots
What is the function of cytoplasm?
All the organelles are suspended by the cytoplasm– everything inside of the cell membrane except for the nucleus
What is the function of the nucleolus?
Composed of protein and RNA; involved in ribosome production
What is the function of the cell membrane?
Surrounds the internal cell parts; controls passage of materials in and out of the cell
What is the function of the cytoskeleton?
provides strength and shape to the cell; network of protein fibres
What is the function of the lysosomes?
vesicle that contains substances that break down materials
What is the function of the mitochondria?
produces energy – the POWERHOUSE OF THE CELLLLLLL
What is the function of a vacuole?
vesicle that provides storage of water and other materials; full vacuoles provide support
What is the function of chloroplasts?
uses the energy of sunlight to produce glucose through photosynthesis
What is interphase?
The phase of the cell cycle during which the cell performs its normal functions and its genetic material is copied in preparation for cell division
What are examples of medical imaging technologies used to detect cancer?
Endoscopy, X-ray, CT scanning, and MRI
What are the 4 stages of mitosis?
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase (PMAT)
What is mitosis?
The stage of the cell cycle in which the DNA in the nucleus is divided, the first part of cell division
What are the two stages of cell division?
Mitosis and cytokinesis
What is cytokinesis?
The stage in the cell cycle when the cytoplasm divides to form two identical cells, the final part of cell division
