CHEM (Ch. 7)

Question 1

What is an acid? What are its properties?

Answer 1

Substances which ionize to form hydrogen (+) ions in aqueous solutions.
- taste sour
- turns litmus red
- lots of H+ ions
- reacts with metals
- corrosive
- 0-6.9 on pH scale
- neutralize bases
- conduct electricity (strong acids)

Question 2

What is a base? What are its properties?

Answer 2

Substances which ionize to form hydroxide ions (OH-) in aqueous solutions.
- taste bitter
-turns litmus blue
- lots of OH- ions
- 7.1-14 on pH scale
- neutralize acids
- conduct electricity (strong bases)

Question 3

What is the pH scale?

Answer 3

potential hydrogen; a measure of how acidic or basic. Bases have OH-, acids have H

Question 4

What is neutralization?

Answer 4

When an acid and base (both of equal strength) mix together, their pH is brought closer to 7 (neutral). Salt and water also form.
BASE + ACID –> WATER + SALT

Question 5

What should the average pH of swimming pools be?

Answer 5

From 7-7.6 (if its too acidic, it could sting eyes)

Question 6

What is acid leaching?

Answer 6

the process of removing heavy metals from contaminated soils by adding an acid solution to the soil and catching the solution that drains through

Question 7

What is an antacid?

Answer 7

A consumable base that provide relief by neutralizing stomach acid

Question 8

What is buffering capacity?

Answer 8

the ability of a substance to resist changes in pH

Question 9

What is a neutralization reaction?

Answer 9

A chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form an ionic compound (a salt) and a water. The resulting pH is closer to 7 (neutral).