Bio Final Review Pt. 1

Question 1

What is the Gastrointestinal Track?

Answer 1

The pathway food takes through your body, starting at your mouth, ending at your anus

Question 2

What are accessory organs?

Answer 2

Organs that help with digestion but aren’t part of the main digestive track

Question 3

What order does food travel through the organs of the digestive system?

Answer 3

1)Mouth
2)Esophagus
3)Stomach
4)Small intestine
5)Large intestine
6)Rectum
7)Anus

Question 4

What is the longest organ in the digestive system?

Answer 4

Small intestine

Question 5

What is the function of the stomach?

Answer 5

The stomach breaks down food mechanically and chemically using stomach acids and enzymes

Question 6

What is the function of the esophagus?

Answer 6

The esophagus connects your throat(pharynx) to your stomach. Its job is to transport food and liquids.

Question 7

What is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 7

The gallbladder stores bile, a digestive fluid produced by the liver.

Question 8

What is the function of the liver?

Answer 8

The liver produces bile.

Question 9

What is the function of the small intestine?

Answer 9

The small intestine breaks down food and absorbs nutrients

Question 10

What is chemical digestion?

Answer 10

When the body breaks down food into smaller, absorb-able pieces, using enzymes and other chemicals

Question 11

What is mechanical digestion?

Answer 11

The process of physically breaking down food

Question 12

What is the function of the villi?

Answer 12

They are tiny finger-like projections on the walls of the small intestine that absorb nutrients.

Question 13

Where are villi located?

Answer 13

The small intestine

Question 14

What is the function of salivary glands?

Answer 14

To produce saliva to help break down food

Question 15

What do sphincters do?

Answer 15

They are circular muscles that act as valves that open and close to control the passages of substances through tubes or opening.

Question 16

What are the involuntary muscle contractions that move food through the digestive tract?

Answer 16

Peristalisis

Question 17

What is the function of the large intestine?

Answer 17

To absorb water from remaining waste.

Question 18

How many calories is needed to gain 1 pound of weight?

Answer 18

You would need to consume about 3500 extra calories

Question 19

How many calories is recommended to eat each day?

Answer 19

1800-2000 calories a day

Question 20

Which nutrients is our main source of energy?

Answer 20

Carbohydrates

Question 21

Which nutrients are known as macro nutrients?

Answer 21

Carbs, proteins, and fats

Question 22

Which nutrients provides amino acids needed by our cells to build structures in our body?

Answer 22

Proteins

Question 23

Which nutrients cannot be digested but provides bulk to our stool and is healthy for our digestive system?

Answer 23

Fiber

Question 24

Which nutrients makes up our cell membranes and also protects our neurons?

Answer 24

Lipids/fats

Question 25

Nutrients that are needed in relatively small amounts are known as?

Answer 25

Micronutrients

Question 26

What nutrient (that is needed in relatively small amounts) comes from organic/living things?

Answer 26

Vitamins

Question 27

What nutrient (that is needed in relatively small amounts comes from inorganic/nonliving things?

Answer 27

Minerals

Question 28

How does the body store excess energy?

Answer 28

It stores it as lipids.

Question 29

When a food causes an immune response, it is known as?

Answer 29

A food allergy

Question 30

What causes heartburn?

Answer 30

Stomach acid coming up the esophagus.

Question 31

What is the main function of the digestive system?

Answer 31

To breakdown food and absorb its nutrients.

Question 32

Where does the majority of absorption of nutrients occur in the digestive system?

Answer 32

The small intestine.

Question 33

Why is consuming water essential?

Answer 33

It is essential because every reaction in our body requires water.

Question 34

The muscle contractions that move food throughout your digestive system is known as what?

Answer 34

Peristalsis

Question 35

The organ that contains hydrochloric acid and performs churning movements to chemically and mechanically digestive food is known as what?

Answer 35

Stomach.

Question 36

The structure where mechanical digestion and chemical digestion occurs through salivary amylase is known as?

Answer 36

The mouth