Bio LAB 2 Flashcards
(42 cards)
What is binary fission
Cell division of a prokaryotic cell creating 2 identical daughter cells
What are all of the steps of the cell cycle?
G1
S
G2
Mitosis
Cytokinesis
(Sometimes G0)
What is the longest part of the cell cycle and what’s contained in it?
Interphase is the longest, and it contains G1, S, G2
Describe the differences between telophqse in animal cells and plant cells.
Animal cells: the singular chromosomes arrive at the piles, as the nuclear envelope begins to reform. Cytokinesis begins as a cleavage furrow forms between the two nuclei and punches the cell into two separate daughter cells.
Plant cells: the singular chromosomes arrive at the piles, as the nuclear envelope begins to reform. Vesicles transfer and fuse together to form a cell plate, separating the nuclei and forming two identical daughter cells.
What are 3 major functions of mitosis?
The production/manitanancd of multicellularity, ex the development of an individual from fertilized egg.
Asexual reproduction
Replacement of old/damaged cells
What are 3 major functions of mitosis?
The production/manitanancd of multicellularity, ex the development of an individual from fertilized egg.
Asexual reproduction
Replacement of old/damaged cells
What is the difference between a drawing and a diagram (specifically in chromosomes)
A drawing is exactly what you see, so it may be messy and not super accurate
A diagram would have all the detail, like cebtromeres in chromosomes, spindle fibres, ect.
(Everything visible in both should be labeled)
How long does a cell on average take to complete a cell cycle?
16 hours (960 minutes)
What is a colonial organism?
They are seperate daughter cells all stuck together. Instead of separating through cytokinesis, the remained stuck together.
What is the purpose of the eyespot?
The eyespot orients the cell toward light
What is the Pyrenoids in unicellular algae?
Contained in the chloroplast, it’s responsible for the synthesis of starches from the sugar produced by photosynthesis.
What is the purpose of a gelatinous matrix?
It’s secreted by cells in a colony to help hold them together.
What state are the chromosomes in during Both G phases?
They would be uncondenced, in a state know as chromatin.
What is a gamete?
Egg or sperm in animals
Spore in plants
What does ploidy refer to
Weather it’s haploid (n) or diploid (2n)
Where are spores formed in plants?
Sporangia
How are spores formed
Sporocytes undergo mitosis to form haploid spores.
What is the alternation of generations writhing plants life cycle?
They have distinct multicellular haploid and diploid stages in their life.
How are gametophytes formed and what’s their ploidy?
Gametophytes are formed through mitosis and are haploid.
What does it mean for a plant to be sporophyte dominant
It means that the diploid stage is the most obvious stage of its life.
What is an archaegonium?
The female reproductive organ in a gametophyte. It can be spotted by a red central dot in the cell.
What is the antheridium
The male reproductive organ of a gametophyte. Can be identified by many red dots in a cell.
What is a chaisma?
The spot in which chromosome crossing over occurs.
What is the only time in an animal life cycle that haploid cells are present
The only time there are haploid cells present is within the sperm and eggs.
