bio quiz

Question 1

During cell division, the DNA in eukaryotic cells nucleus is coiled into compact structures called ______________

Answer 1

chromosomes

Question 2

what is the middle of a chromosome called?

Answer 2

Centromere

Question 3

what are the 2 endings of a chromosome called?

Answer 3

sister chromatid

Question 4

are chromatins condensed or uncondensed

Answer 4

uncondensed

Question 5

less tightly coiled DNA protein complex

Answer 5

chromatin

Question 6

chromatin

Answer 6

less tightly coiled DNA protein complex

Question 7

Human and anima chromosomes are categorized as either ____ chromosomes or _______ chromosomes

Answer 7

sex chromosomes or autosomes chromosomes

Question 8

What do sex chromosomes do?

Answer 8

define the sex of the individual

Question 9

what sex is XX?

Answer 9

Female

Question 10

what sex is XY?

Answer 10

Male

Question 11

how many sex chromosomes are there

Answer 11

23

Question 12

how many autosomal chromosomes are there

Answer 12

44

Question 13

what is a picture of the pairs of chromosomes arranged according to size

Answer 13

karyotype

Question 14

what are body cells and somatic cells?

Answer 14

diploid

Question 15

what does diploid mean

Answer 15

there are both chromosomes from each homologous pair

Question 16

how many pairs do diploid cells have?

Answer 16

23 including a pair of sex chromosomes

Question 17

what are sex cells?

Answer 17

haploid

Question 18

what does haploid mean

Answer 18

they contain only one number of each homologous pair

Question 19

when 2 haploid cells join together what is created?

Answer 19

a diploid cell

Question 20

what is the division of a prokaryotic cell into two offspring cells

Answer 20

binary fission

Question 21

how many stages are in binary fission

Answer 21

3

Question 22

what happens the first stage of binary fission?

Answer 22

DNA replicates

Question 23

what happens in the second stage of binary fission

Answer 23

DNA moves to opposite ends of the cell

Question 24

what happens in the 3rd stage of binary fission

Answer 24

Cell splits into 2 new cells

Question 25

for cell division in the EUKARYOTIC CELL, both the ______ and the ______ divide

Answer 25

nucleus and the cytoplasm

Question 26

what cell division in eukaryotic cells produces new cells that are identical to the original cell?

Answer 26

Mitosis

Question 27

what cell division in eukaryotic cells occurs during the formation of gametes?

Answer 27

Meiosis

Question 28

what cell division in eukaryotic cells divides the chromosome # by half

Answer 28

meiosis

Question 29

what cell division in eukaryotic cells focuses on growth, development, repair and asexual reproduction

Answer 29

mitosis

Question 30

what is the time between cell divisions ?

Answer 30

Interphase

Question 31

how many phases is interphase divided into?

Answer 31

3

Question 32

what are the 3 phases of interphase

Answer 32

G1, S, G2

Question 33

what occurs in G1?

Answer 33

cell growth

Question 34

what occurs in S

Answer 34

DNA replication

Question 35

what occurs in G2

Answer 35

preparation for cell division and cell growth

Question 36

what phases do cells go to if they want to exit the cell cycle?

Answer 36

G1 and they enter G0

Question 37

what is mitosis the division of?

Answer 37

the nucleus

Question 38

how many phases is mitosis divided into

Answer 38

4

Question 39

what are the 4 phases of mitosis

Answer 39

(PMAT) Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Question 40

what happens in Prophase

Answer 40

the shortening and tight coiling of DNA into rod shaped chromosomes, they become visible and the nucleus breaks down and centrosomes move to opposite ends

Question 41

what happens in Metaphase

Answer 41

chromosomes line up in the middle, centrosomes are on opposite sides and spindle fibers

Question 42

what happens in anaphase

Answer 42

chromatids of each chromosome separate, after they separate they are individual chromosomes

Question 43

what happens in telophase

Answer 43

chromatids move to opposite ends of the cell, 2 nuclei are formed and nucleus reforms

Question 44

what is cytokinesis

Answer 44

splitting of the cytoplasm

Question 45

where is the cleavage furrow in

Answer 45

animal cells

Question 46

where is the cell plate

Answer 46

only in plant cells due to them being square

Question 47

what is meiosis

Answer 47

the making of sex cells

Question 48

diploid cells that divide by meiosis result in how many haploid cells

Answer 48

4

Question 49

what are the first and second stages of meiosis cell division

Answer 49

Meiosis I and Meiosis II

Question 50

what is the pairing of homologous chromosomes called?

Answer 50

synapsis

Question 51

what is each pair of homologous chromosomes called?

Answer 51

tetrad

Question 52

what is crossing over in meiosis

Answer 52

when genetic info gets exchanged

Question 53

when does crossing over in meiosis occur

Answer 53

in prophase ! in meiosis

Question 54

when can meiosis 2 being?

Answer 54

immediately after Meiosis 1

Question 55

how many haploid cells are in spermatids

Answer 55

4 haploid cells

Question 56

what is spermatogenesis

Answer 56

the process of making sperm

Question 57

what is oogenesis

Answer 57

the process of making eggs

Question 58

what are polar bodies

Answer 58

3 small cells made in oogenesis that disintegrate

Question 59

1 parent ----> offsprings offsprings are identical to parent + each other

Answer 59

Asexual reproduction

Question 60

2 parents -----> offsprings offsprings different than parent + each other

Answer 60

Sexual reproduction