Bio Review chapter 2-2

Question 1

What are the 4 main groups of organic compounds

Answer 1

Cards, lipids, proteins, & Nucleic Acids

Question 2

what are cards made of?
what do they do

Answer 2

made of C,H,O
store energy

Question 3

what is the differance btwn monosaccharides and disaccharides

Answer 3

monosaccharides - simple sugars (glucose, ribose, and fructose)
disaccharides - monosaccharides joined together

Question 4

what type of saccharide if glucose
where does this sugar come from

Answer 4

monosaccaride
plant

Question 5

what is dehydration synthesis

Answer 5

water is given off to make a new substance

Question 6

where is lactose and sucrose found

Answer 6

lactose - milk
sucrose - table sugar

Question 7

what is hydrolysis

Answer 7

the processes of diccacharides broken down to make momosaccharides

Question 8

what type of saccharide is starch ad glycogen

Answer 8

polysaccharides

Question 9

what is starch

Answer 9

energy storage for plants

Question 10

what is glycogen

Answer 10

energy storage for animals

Question 11

where is cellulose founds
why is it important even though humans can’t digest it
what type of saccaride is this

Answer 11

in plant walls
it makes fiber
polysacchairde

Question 12

what are lipids

Answer 12

Fatty acids (store energy)

Question 13

what are the functions of lipids

Answer 13

stores energy

Question 14

what does it mean when it says lipids are semi-soluble

Answer 14

some of the fat desolve while some doesn’t

Question 15

how much energy can lipids store compared to muscle

Answer 15

2 times more

Question 16

what is the difference btwn hydrophilic and hydrophobic

Answer 16

hydrophilic - likes water
hydrophobic - hates water

Question 17

what is the difference btwn saturated and unsaturated triglycerides

Answer 17

saturated - single bonds, solid at room temp
unsaturated - double bonds, liquids

Question 18

what are cell membranes made of?

Answer 18

Phospholipids

Question 19

what is the purpose of proteins
what are the building block of protein

Answer 19

needed for every function
Carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen

Question 20

how many amino acids are there?
how many are essential?

Answer 20

20
9

humans make 11

Question 21

why is this order of amino acids important

Answer 21

because the order gives you different proteins

Question 22

what type of bonds hold amino acids together

Answer 22

peptide bonds

Question 23

what happens if the shape of the amino acids is broken

Answer 23

it will not function

Question 24

what do nucleic acids make?

Answer 24

DNA and RNA

Question 25

what is DNA important

Answer 25

blue print of organisms

Question 26

what is a enzyme

Answer 26

biological catalyst

Question 27

what is a catalyst

Answer 27

lowers activation energy for reaction to occur

Question 28

what does it mean to reduce the activation energy

Answer 28

the reaction will slow

Question 29

what happens to the function of enzymes if you body is no longer in homeostasis

Answer 29

your body wont properly function correctly

Question 30

What is the lock and key model for enzymes

Answer 30

enzymes that have a specific job to make a product