bio vertebrates Flashcards
(21 cards)
List all characteristics of chordates
- endoskeleton
- backbone
- closed circulatory system
- blood is contained in vessels
- ventral heart
- ectotherm and endothermic
What classes make chordates?
Class Chondrichthyes, class osteichthyes
Class amphibia
Class reptilia
Class aves
Class mammalia
Describe the feeding habits of lampreys.
Lampreys are jawless and attatch themself to their prey and feed on their blood.
What is unique about the hagfish?
Hagfish have 4 hearts but one of the lowest blood pressures of all vertebrates.
List the general characteristics of cartilaginous fish.
Ectothermic
Hardest teeth
Lack of swim bladders
Gills for gas exchange
Counter shading
Electroreceptors
List marine animals that are bony fish.
Dragonfish, blobfish, seahorse, pufferfish, anglerfish
Name the two main groups of amphibians and give an example of each.
Tailed amphibians like salamanders and tailless like frogs.
What is the function of the nictitating membrane in the frog?
The nictitating membrane is a sort of third eye that detects changes in light and shadow it also helps to see underwater and hide from predators.
What is the tympanic membrane?
The tympanic membrane is located behind the eyes and is like an eardrum, stimulating inner ear receptors with vibrations
Name and explain the respiratory surfaces of the frog.
The frog breathes through gills, skin, and lungs. They directly take in oxygen through their skin, which enters the bloodstream.
Name four members of the class reptilia.
crocodiles, sea turtles, rattlesnakes, and lizards.
What are the heat-sensing organs used by some snakes to detect prey?
Thermosensory organs are located in the pit below the eye and either on the upper or lower jaw.
Name two characteristics of reptiles that are important adaptations for life in arid/dry climates.
Water tight skin covered in overlapping scales and shedding to grow. Eggs are laid and develop in dry conditions.
Name the single characteristics that distinguish birds from all other animals?
Their feathers and wings.
List three different types of feathers.
Wing, tail and semiplume.
What unique structures are found in the lungs of birds?
The furcula is located in the bird’s chest to prevent chest cavity compression during flight
How is the absence of the urinary bladder an adaptation for flight?
They will only produce liquid waste so solid waste will not weigh them down during flight.
What other adaptations have birds made to fly?
Hollow bones, so they are lightweight, and layered wings for insulation during flight.
What two characteristics can be used to distinguish mammals from other vertebrates?
Diaphragm and mammary glands.
Name three different kinds of mammals.
Monotremes are egg-laying mammals, marsupials that are pouched mammals, and placental mammals that have a placenta.
Give two reasons scientists classify egg-laying monotremes, such as the duckbill platypus, as mammals?
Fur and spurs to secrete milk.
