BIO1022 Life on Earth

Question 1

A patient can produce antibodies against some bacterial pathogens, but he does not produce antibodies against viral infections. This is probably due to a disorder in which cells of the immune system

Answer 1

T cells

Question 2

How can you determine if an animal is a deuterostome or a protostome

Answer 2

Study its development from zygote to embryo.

Question 3

When horses graze in a cow pasture, bare patches soon appear. An hypothesis that could explain this phenomenon is

Answer 3

Horses bite off grass closer to the grasses’ roots whereas cows bite off the grass much higher up

Question 4

In the life cycle of an angiosperm, which of the following stages is diploid

Answer 4

microsporocyte only

Question 5

Koalas have a large caecum that is used to

Answer 5

digest cellulose

Question 6

Although a diverse group, all cnidarians are characterized by

Answer 6

a gastrovascular cavity

Question 7

In humans, bile

Answer 7

is involved in the mechanical break down of lipids

Question 8

The food molecules that are primarily digested in the stomach are

Answer 8

Proteins.

Question 9

One of the major benefits of double fertilization in angiosperms is to

Answer 9

coordinate developmental timing between the embryo and its food stores.

Question 10

The naturalist who synthesized a concept of natural selection independently of Darwin was

Answer 10

Alfred Wallace

Question 11

Agricultural runoffs results in over-fertilizing the symbiotic algae of corals, increasing the algal growth rate. However their growth is limited by the availability of organic phsphrous Corals will change their chemical composition to supply this phosphorous resulting in coral bleching. The above scenario is a good example of

Answer 11

A metaorganism

Question 12

An important function of bile salts produced by the liver and released into the duodenum is to

Answer 12

emulsify fats

Question 13

Vessels which carry blood back to the heart are called

Answer 13

Veins

Question 14

Within a phylogenetic tree, a paraphyletic group refers to:

Answer 14

a group of organisms that includes some, but not all, of the descendants of a common ancestor

Question 15

A polyphyletic group in a phylogenetic tree refers to:

Answer 15

a group or organisms that do not include the last common ancestor of all members

Question 16

Among the invertebrates, arthropods are unique in possessing

Answer 16

jointed appendages

Question 17

A true fruit is

Answer 17

a structure in a flowering plant that develops from a fertilsed ovary

Question 18

Peristalsis is

Answer 18

the waves of muscular contractions that move food through the digestive system.

Question 19

Muscles and nerves in their simplest forms occur in the

Answer 19

Cnidarians

Question 20

A plant that lives on a rainforest tree has access to the sunlight. It does not take any nutrients or water from the tree. This is an example of

Answer 20

Commensalism

Question 21

Plant spores give rise directly to

Answer 21

Gametophytes

Question 22

Organisms showing radial symmetry would likely

Answer 22

move from place to place relatively slowly, if at all.

Question 23

The most reliable dietary source of all eight essential amino acids is:

Answer 23

Meat.

Question 24

Which characteristic is shared by cnidarians and flatworms

Answer 24

a gut with a single opening’

Question 25

What am I

I live in the water and my reproduction is tied to the aquatic environment. I have a lungs and can breathe air.

Answer 25

lung fish.

Question 26

In the human heart, blood is pumped from the left ventricle into the

Answer 26

systemic circuit

Question 27

A major change that occurred in the evolution of plants from their algal ancestors was the origin of a branched sporophyte. What advantage would branched sporophytes provide in this stage of the life cycle

Answer 27

increased spore production

Question 28

Crocodilians different from other reptiles in that they

Answer 28

have a four-chambered heart

Question 29

What order did the key human traits evolve in?

Answer 29

bipedalism

→ more dexterous thumbs

→ human jaw

→ language

Question 30

When transplanting a young tree, to increase the chances of it surviving the transplant, you could

Answer 30

remove some of the leaves

Question 31

The TCR of CD4+ T-cells will only interact with

Answer 31

MCH class II

Question 32

In flowering plants, pollen is released from the

Answer 32

Anther.

Question 33

Meerkats take turns watching over the group, looking out for predators. This is an example of

Answer 33

Reciprocity

Question 34

Darwin was fascinated by peacock’s tails and how they could fit into his theory of evolution. He concluded that:

Answer 34

This is a form of intersexual selection in which the female chooses mates based on preferred traits

Question 35

What plant hormones are involved in branching patterns of flowering plants

Answer 35

auxin and cytokinins

Question 36

The conversion of an apical meristem into a floral meristem

Answer 36

is triggered by florigen which initates the down-regulation of meristem identity genes

Question 37

If you were to jog 1km a few hours after lunch, which stored fuel would you probably tap

Answer 37

Glycogen in the muscle and liver

Question 38

Which feature of bone gives it its flexibility

Answer 38

A matrix of collagen fibres supported by mineral hydroxyapatite.

Question 39

What is this an example of?

Over time, erosion has caused a river to change its path and the natural range of a population of small skinks has been bisected by the new river. The two populations can no longer interbreed as they have become genetically isolated.

Answer 39

Pre-zygotic Isolation

Question 40

What am I

I have a cartilaginous skeleton and I live in the ocean. I have lungs and can breathe air. I have keratinous scales

Answer 40

no such animal exists

Question 41

Which type of immune cell is primarily responsible for reacting to and destroying helminths (parasitic worms)

Answer 41

Granulocytes including eosinophils and basophils

Question 42

After surgical removal of the gallbladder, a person might need to limit his or her dietary intake of

Answer 42

Fat

Question 43

Males of deer species often fight for access to females. It has been observed that only the males that win fights have the opportunity to mate. Males with large antlers usually win the fights. From these observations, large antlers are selected via:

Answer 43

intra sexual selection