Bioenergetics Flashcards
(25 cards)
Aerobic respiration equation
Glucose + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
How much energy is released through aerobic respiration
Lots
Where does aerobic respiration occur
Mitochondria
Equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
Glucose = lactic acid
How much energy is released in anaerobic respiration in animals
Little
Where does anaerobic respiration in animals occur
Cytoplasm in muscles
Equation for anaerobic respiration in plants/yeast
Glucose = ethanol + carbon dioxide
Where does anaerobic respiration in plants/yeast occur
Cytoplasm
How much energy is released in anaerobic respiration in plants/yeast
Little
Responses to exercise (5)
Increased heart rate to increase blood flow
Increased breathing rate to get more oxygen in blood
Vasodilation (widening of blood vessels at skin surface, makes face red) to increase oxygenated blood sent to muscles
Increased depth of breathing to get more oxygen in blood
Increased stroke volume (volume of blood pumped to muscles every beat) to increase blood flow
Equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water = oxygen + glucose
Xylem
1 direction
Dead cells stacked up (no organelles)
Transports water and mineral ions
Cell wall ends have been removed
Transpiration
Cells strengthened by lignin
Phloem
2 directions
Living cells
Transports sugars
Sieve plates disrupt flow (allow molecules through)
Translocation
No mitochondria
How does temperature affect transpiration
Increased temp increases rate of transpiration stream
Water molecules have more kinetic energy so more evaporation
How does light intensity affect transpiration
As light intensity increases so does the rate of transpiration stream
Since in high light intensity the stomata open to take in carbon dioxide for photosynthesis, so water can escape through open stomata
How does humidity affect transpiration
Low humidity increases rate of transpiration stream
Steeper concentration gradient between the air and air spaces within the leaf
How does wind speed affect transpiration
Increased wind speed increases the rate of transpiration stream
Steeper concentration gradient between the air and air spaces with the leaf
What are potomètres
Equipment used to investigate the rate water is taken up into a plant
Rate of transpiration stream
How to calculate rate on a potometer
Rate = distance (divided by) time
What does the reservoir on a potometer do
Reset the experiment
What do plant use glucose for
Respiration
Starch
Fats
Cellulose
Amino
Acids
Really Sorry For Calling About Arson
Metabolism meaning
All the chemical reactions that occur inside an organisms body
These reactions are controlled by enzymes
How can the rate of photosynthesis be measured
Rate of oxygen output
Rate of carbon dioxide uptake
Rate of carbohydrate production
Factors that effect the rate of photosynthesis
Light intensity
Carbon dioxide concentration
Temperature
