Bioenergetics Flashcards
(24 cards)
What is photosynthesis?
The process by which plants use light to make glucose.
What is the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
Where does photosynthesis occur?
In the chloroplasts of plant cells.
What pigment is needed for photosynthesis?
Chlorophyll.
What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature.
What is a limiting factor?
A factor that restricts the rate of a process when in short supply.
How does light affect photosynthesis?
More light increases the rate up to a certain point.
How does carbon dioxide affect photosynthesis?
More CO₂ increases the rate until another factor becomes limiting.
How does temperature affect photosynthesis?
Rate increases with temperature until enzymes denature.
What is glucose used for in plants?
Respiration, making cellulose, making amino acids, stored as starch.
What is respiration?
The process of releasing energy from glucose.
What is aerobic respiration?
Respiration using oxygen.
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water
What is the balanced equation for aerobic respiration?
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration with a lack of oxygen.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles?
Glucose → Lactic acid
What is oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen needed to break down lactic acid after exercise.
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast called?
Fermentation.
What is the word equation for fermentation?
Glucose → Ethanol + Carbon dioxide
What are some uses of fermentation?
Making bread and alcoholic drinks.
What are mitochondria?
Organelles where aerobic respiration occurs.
What is metabolism?
All the chemical reactions in a cell or organism.
How is energy from respiration used?
For movement, active transport, maintaining body temperature, growth and repair
What happens to breathing and heart rate during exercise?
The heart rate and breathing increase and breathing deepens to supply more oxygen and glucose to muscles.
